Week 4 - "Proteins"

Naturally occurring and branch of monomer unit; amino acids; they account for 15% of all a cell's overall mass

Responsible for moving substances such as nutrients and electrolytes across the membrane; hormones and neurotransmitter

Ack as markers; process by which different cells recognize each other

________ different kinds of proteins in a typical human cell

Number of different proteins found within the human body

Needed for the synthesize of enzymes, certain hormones and some blood component; maintenance, repair of existing tissues and synthesis of new one

All proteins contain the elements _____________ (4) almost all contain sulfur

The average nitrogen proteins is _______ by mass

Contain both amino and carboxyl groups attached to the same carbon atom; building blocks for proteins

Non polar amino acids are _______

Contains polar but neutral side chains; 7 amino acids

Contains carboxyl as a part of side chains; 2 amino acids

Contains amino group as part of the side chains; 2 amino acids

Main protein of milk (phosphorus); important diet of infants and children

Oxygen transporting protein of blood; Iron

Non Polar examples (first 3 lang nandito pero madami yun)

Polar examples (first 3 lang nandito pero madami yun)

Oppositely charged; electron is not evenly distributed in the molecule can cause a "dipole mole"

One end of the molecule is positive while the other is negative

Equally charged amino acid

Unique sulfhydryl group; Non essential amino acid. Nails, skin and hair and for collagen making

Short chain amino acid; it build muscle, boost weight and muscle recovery

Covalently bonded between amino acids

Covalently bonded between 2 amino acids

Covalently bonded between 10-20 amino acids

Covalently bonded between many amino acids

Same amino acid but different order and are of different molecules with different property

Biochemically important peptides

Best known peptide hormone; made by pituitary glands

Lactation, water balance, and skeletal integral

Uterine contraction, breast tissue for lactation after birth.

Small peptide neurotransmitter

Help reduces pain; produced by the brain and bind receptors

Small Antioxidant; known for whitening but also serve as regulation of oxidation, protects cellular component from oxidation of peroxide and superoxide

Amino acid residue is present

One or more amino acid residue are present

Lipids prosthetic groups

Carbohydrate groups

Specific metal as prosthetic groups

Count of Amino acid residue known

Common proteins contain ______ to _______ amino acid residue

Small proteins contain _____ to ____ amino acid residue

Contains one peptide chain

Contains more than one peptide chain

Order in which amino acids are linked together in a protein

First to sequence and determine the primary structure for the first protein; Insulin

Arrangement of atoms of backbone in space; Alpha-helix and beta-pleated

Adopts the coil like spring shape

Completely extended amino acid chains

Three-dimensional shape

organization among the various peptide chains in a multimeric proteins

Three types of proteins

elongated shaped; generally insoluble in water, linear structure; hair, nails

Folded into spherical shapes; generally soluble in water; functions as enzymes and intracellular in the protein core

Associated with cell membrane; Insoluble in water; helps in transport of molecules the membrane

Protective coating for organs; protein constituent of hairs, feather and nails

30% Most abundant protein; structural material in tendons, ligaments and blood. Rich in proline 20%

Oxygen storage molecules in muscles; serve as reservoir of oxygen source for working muscles

Oxygen carrier molecule in blood; transport oxygen from lungs to tissues. Can transmit up to 4 oxygen molecules

a conjugated protein having a carbohydrate component

Serve to connect and join cells together

Fixing membranes; localizing metabolic pathways

Helps facilitated and active transport

Marker for cellular identification

Protective response to the invasion of microorganism or foreign molecules

Help suspend lipids and transport them into the bloodstream

Transport dietary triacylglycerol's from intestine and liver to adipose tissue

Transport triacylglycerol synthesized in the liver to adipose tissues

Transport cholesterol synthesized in the liver to cells throughout the body

Collects excess cholesterol from the body tissue and transport it back to the liver for degradation to bile acids