Learning
The process of acquiring through experience and enduring information
Classical Conditioning
When we link/associate two or more stimuli
Neutral Stimulus
Stimulus that doesn’t naturally cause a response in the organism
Unconditioned Response (UCR)
The naturally occurring response to the UCS
Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)
A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response
Conditioned Response (CR)
Learned response to a previously neutral stimulus
Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
A stimulus, after association, triggers a conditioned response
Acquisition
Neutral stimulus is linked to a UCS which triggers the conditioned response
Extinction
Decrease in the strength or frequency of a learned response
Spontaneous Recovery
An extinguished response appearing again after the passage of time
Generalization
Transfer of a learned response to different but similar stimulus
Discrimination
Learning to respond to only one stimulus and inhibiting the response to all other stimuli
Operant Conditioning
Type of learning where behaviors are emitted to earn a reward or avoid a punishment
Law of Effect
Behavior followed by reward happens more often and vice versa.
Operant Chamber
A box with a bar/key that an animal manipulates to obtain a reinforcer
Reinforcement
A method that strengthens a desired response making it more likely to occur again
Shaping
Molding behavior closer to the desired behavior
Positive Reinforcement (PR)
Adding something to the environment
Negative Reinforcement (NR)
Removing something unpleasant that was already in the environment
Primary Reinforcer
Stimulus that satisfies a biological need
Conditioned Reinforcer (secondary)
Stimulus that reinforces power through association with a primary one