Studied by 18 people
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ligamentum nuchae limits
flexion
alar ligament limits
contralateral side bend
contralateral rotation
ligamentum flavum limits
intervertebral flexion
intertransverse ligament limits
contralateral side bend and forward flexion
anterior longitudinal ligament limits
intervertebral extension
reinforces anterior sides of the intervertebral discs
posterior longitudinal ligament limits
intervertebral flexion
reinforces posterior sides of the intervertebral discs
sacrotuberous ligament limits
anterior sacral tilt
posterior pelvic tilt
taut during nutation
sacrospinous ligament limits
anterior sacral tilt
posterior pelvic tilt
taut during nutation
anterior sternoclavicular limits
elevation of clavicle
retraction
posterior sternoclavicular limits
elevation of clavicle
protraction
costoclavicular limits
everything besides depression
elevation
protraction
retraction
posterior axial rotation
interclavicular limits
elevation
superior and inferior acromioclavicular limits
horizontal shearing (sliding)
coracoclavicular limits
elevation of clavicle
coracoacromial prevents
superior displacement of humeral head
coracohumeral limits
inferior translation of humeral head in external rotation
transverse humeral function
keeps tendon of long head of biceps brachii in bicipital groove
superior glenohumeral limits
external rotation
anterior and inferior translation of humeral head
inferior glenohumeral limits
anterior: 90 deg of abduction, full external rotation, anterior translation of humeral head
posterior: 90 deg of abduction, full internal rotation
axiallary: 90 deg abduction, combined with anterior/posterior and inferior translation
middle glenohumeral limits
external rotation
anterior translation of humeral head
medial (UCL) collateral (anterior and posterior) limits
anterior: extension, valgus
posterior: flexion, valgus
radial collateral limits
varus stress
lateral ulnar collateral limits
varus
flexion
annular limits
distraction
quadrate limits
rotation of radial head
interosseous membrane function and limits
transfers forces between radius and ulna
central band taut when FOOSH
triangular fibrocartilage complex
binds radius and ulna, connects ulna to carpal bones
supports and stabilizes wrist
transverse carpal ligament (flexor retinaculum)
stabilize carpal bones
roof of carpal tunnel (pisiform to scaphoid)
holds tendons down to prevent bowstringing
fibrous digital sheaths
allows tendons to glide smoothly
prevents bowstringing
extensor expansions
holds extensor tendons in place
Note
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