Studied by 1 personhow do you determine what phase of matter something is in?
by how the particles are arranged and how they move.
when you have motion there is _________
energy
solid characteristics
fixed volume, fixed shape
liquid characteristics
fixed volume, no fixed shape
gas characteristics
no fixed volume or shape
solid molecules are in _______ positions, and _________ together.
in fixed positions, close together.
solids have _____ energy.
solids have very little energy.
solids do NOT easily CHANGE in ________ or _________.
solids do NOT easily CHANGE in shape or volume.
energy travels through solids by...
vibrating the particles. (however, they do not move from their fixed positions)
particles of a liquid are NOT ________ together, and they move around ________.
not close together, the particles move around freely.
liquids are able to _____ and ___________ of the container they are in.
flow, take on the shape of the container they are in.
gases' particles are _________ apart, meaning they have _______ of energy.
further apart, have a ton of energy due to the particles moving quickly.
gas particles easily ___________ from one another.
separate from one another.
the volume of gas ________ to match the _________ of a container.
the volume of gas changes to match the shape of a container.
the _____________, _________________, and _______________ of a gas are related to one another, and changing one can change the others.
volume, pressure, and temperature.
gases are very (stable/unstable) forms of matter.
unstable
plasma
a superheated gas with super excited particles.
natural plasma makes up ________ percent of the universe.
99%
examples of natural plasma
the sun, stars, and lightning.
unnatural plasma can come in forms of...
fluorescent bulbs, neon signs, plasma displays in t.v.'s.
plasma has much more ______ than gases.
energy
places plasma are found in are the...
lightning, northern lights, neon lights, stars, and the sun.
solid
tightly packed, in a regular pattern.
vibrate, but do not move from place to place.
liquid
close together with no regular arrangement.
vibrate, move about, and slide past each other.
gas
well separated with no regular arrangement.
vibrate and move freely at high speeds.
plasma
no definite volume or shape and is composed of electrically charged particles
If you lower the temperature way, way, down to 100 nano degrees above
"Absolute Zero" (-273°C), will everything be a frozen solid?
no, a fifth state of matter discovered by Einstein and Bose called the Bose-Einstein Condensate would occur.
Bose-Einstein Condensate
atoms can no longer bounce around as individuals.
they all act in exactly the same way, and you can no longer tell them apart.
the five phases of matter are....
solid, gas, liquid, plasma, and Bose-Einstein Condensate.
matter can _____ from one state to another.
change
kinetic matter theory
states that all matter is made of particles that are constantly moving and because of this all matter has energy (kinetic).
change of phases in matter are (physical/chemical changes).
physical changes
phases change the amount of _________ between the particles and their ______________.
space, movement.
space between particles and their movement are directly proportional to...
the amount of energy traveling through the substance.
Changing phases require ___________.
energy
The six phase transformations are....
freezing, melting, evaporation, condensation, deposition, and sublimation.
freezing
molecules move slower, less kinetic energy.
melting
molecules move faster, more kinetic energy
evaporation
molecules move faster, more kinetic energy.
condensation
molecules move slower, less kinetic energy.
deposition
molecules slow down, less kinetic energy.
sublimation
molecules move faster, more kinetic energy. Ex. Dry Ice.
freezing is when a phase change from liquid to __________ occurs.
liquid to solid.
melting is when a phase change from solid to __________ occurs.
solid to liquid.
evaporation is when a phase change from liquid to ______ occurs.
liquid to gas.
condensation is when a phase change from gas to ____________ occurs.
gas to liquid.
deposition is when a phase change from gas to __________ occurs.
gas to solid.
sublimation is when a phase change from solid to _______ occurs.
solid to gas.
Note
Flashcard