The Biochemistry of Life: An Overview

Organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ~2:1 ratio, made up of monosaccharides like glucose and fructose.

Water-insoluble substances such as fats and oils, composed of glycerol and 3 fatty acids, with unsaturated fats being healthier than saturated fats.

Organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, made up of amino acids, with enzymes being specific catalysts that regulate life processes.

Organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus, made up of nucleotides like RNA (A, U, G, C) and DNA (A, T, G, C) for storing genetic information.