Studied by 1 personthermochemistry
the study of heat energy and its transformations in matter change
energy; symbol E
the capacity to do work
law of conservation of energy
energy can not be created nor destroyed, but is transformed into other forms of energy; also called First Law of Thermodynamics
derived unit
unit from the combinations of several other units
heat; symbol q
the flow of energy; heat flows from areas of high KE to low KE
E = q + w
Energy usage convention
velocity; symbol v
measure of distance over time; treated same as speed in chemistry
kinetic energy; symbol KE
the energy related to motion or movement
mass; symbol m
the total amount of matter particles within an object
temperature; symbol T
average kinetic energy
1 calorie
4.184 J = ? calorie
1000 calories
1 Calorie = ? cal
Joules: kg*m^2/s^2
KE units
1/2(m)(v)^2
KE equation
square root(2KE)/m
velocity equation
delta T; symbol ^T
change/difference in temperature
^T = TF - TI
delta T formula
dimensional analysis
problem solving method/technique where numerical ratios and units are carried throughout the entire process, using or connected by numerical ratios(proportions)
endothermic where E is absorbed
+q means
exothermic where E is released
-q means
specific heat; symbol Cp
amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of substance by 1 Celsius degree or 1 Kelvin
Cp importance
Cp is an intensive property which can be used to identify pure substances
intensive property
a property/characteristic that does not depend on the amount present
q = (m)(^T)(Cp)
q equation
q/(^T)(Cp)
m equation
q/(m)(^T)
Cp equation
q/(m)(Cp)
^T equation
J/g degrees C
Cp units
insulator
material that retains internal heat
calorimetry
study of heat transfer
calorimeter
device that measures the development/exchange/transfer of heat energy
thermally isolated
system where no external heat can enter and no internal heat can escape
dry boil
a barrier used to separate desired unknown substance from boiling water
100 degrees C
boiling point of water
known/unknown contact
all info from a known substance can be used to determine the missing info of an unknown substance
initial temperature, boiling water, 100
dry boiled for 5-10 minutes, so the _____ _____ of the unknown metal is the same as the _____ _____ or _____ °C(at standard pressure)
high, low
unknown initial → final conditions: _____ °C → _____ °C
(-), exothermic, released
q unknown = _____ which reveals an _____ process (E _____ )
density
water has a _____ of 1.00 g/mL, so 75 mL of water is 75g water or 1-1 ratio
low, high
known initial→ final conditions: _____ °C → _____ °C
(+), endothermic, absorbed
q known = _____ which reveals an _____ process (E _____ )
final T, shared, water, sample
_____ info is _____ between known _____ and unknown _____ because they’re in contact
energy, absorbed, =, released
Law of conservation of _____ explains that energy _____ _____ energy _____
(-), =, (+), numerical, signs
_____ q unknown _____ _____ q known (same _____ value with different _____
Note
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