Studied by 1 personAs basic building blocks of life, all living organisms use nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, as well as a variety of small molecules such as metabolites, messengers, and energy carriers.
Nucleic acids
macromolecules essential for the storage and transmission of genetic information in living organisms. Made up of simple unit of nucleotides.
Cholesterol
a fatty substance that is essential for building cells and producing certain hormones in the body.
Carbohydrates
________ are organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Haemoglobin
________ is a molecule in the blood that helps distribute oxygen to the tissues in the body.
Hydrolysis
________ is when polymers can also be broken down into monomers.
Monosaccharides
the simplest form of carbohydrate, consisting of a single sugar molecule..
DNA
a molecule that carries genetic instructions. It has a double helix structure made of nucleotides containing adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine..
Monomers
the individual building blocks of a polymer.
concentration of hydrogen
The ________ ions in a solution will indicate whether it is acidic, basic, or neutral.
Electrons
________ are negatively charged (-) particles.
RNA
________ is essential for protein synthesis.
Protons
________ are positively charged (+) particles.
Neutrons
________ are neutral particles as they donot carry any electric charge.
Phospholipids
________ contain two fatty acid "tails "and one negatively charged phosphate "head.
Polymers
________ are chains of building blocks in macromolecules.
Glucose
________ is an important part of the food we eat, and it is the product made by plants during photosynthesis.
Amino acids
________ are building blocks of proteins.
Side chain polarity
________ affects whether an amino acid is more hydrophobic or more hydrophilic.
Polysaccharides
a complex carbohydrate composed of multiple monosaccharide (simple sugar) units linked together.
Acidic solution
A solution is acidic if it contains a lot of hydrogen ions (H+).
Atoms
________ are the unit of life and are the building blocks of the physical world.
pH scale
The ________ is logarithmic and represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration.
alpha helix
a common secondary structure in proteins, characterized by a tightly coiled, helical shape.
fatty acid
a type of molecule that serves as a building block of lipids, which are a class of biological molecules that include fats, oils, and phospholipids.
disaccharide
a type of carbohydrate composed of two monosaccharide molecules joined together through a chemical bond known as a glycosidic bond.
polypeptide
a chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.
triglyceride
a type of lipid (fat) and is composed of three fatty acid molecules chemically linked to a glycerol molecule.
Proteins
large molecules made of amino acids, serving various roles such as enzymes for chemical reactions, structural support, and signaling in the body.
Lipids
a diverse group of organic molecules that are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents.
ph
The ________ or alkalinity of a solution can be measured using a pH scale.
covalent bond
A(n) ________ is formed when electrons are shared between atoms.
Adhesion
The ________ contributes to another property of water known as surface tension.
Elements
pure substances that consist of only one type of atom.
Just add water
To break up the disaccharide and form two monosaccharides
Lipid Saturation
The extent of saturation in a lipid can affect its structure and function.
Cohesion
the tendency of molecules of the same substance to be attracted to each other.
Surface Tension
A film that develops on the surface of water, caused by the hydrophilic nature of water
beta-plated sheet
a protein secondary structure where adjacent amino acid chains align in a sheet-like formation, held together by hydrogen bonds.
Neutrons
________ are uncharged particles.
Phospholipids
a type of lipid molecule composed of two fatty acid chains, a glycerol backbone, and a phosphate group.
Note
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