Chapter 11 - Crisis of the Later Middle Ages

A terrible famine in 1315-1322 that hit much of Europe after a period of climate change

Plague that first struck europe in 1347 and killed perhaps 1/3 of the population

People who believed that the plague was God’s punishment for sin and sought to do penance by whipping themselves

A war between England and France from 1337 to 1453, with political and economic causes and consequences

Deliberative meetings of lords and wealthy urban residents that flourished in many European countries between 1250 and 1450

The period from 1309 to 1376 when the popes resided in Avignon rather than in rome.

The division, or split, in church leadership from 1378 to 1417 when there was two, then three, popes

People who believed that the authority in the Roman Church should rest in a general council composed of clergy, theologians, and laypeople, rather than the pope alone

A massive uprising by French peasants in 1358 protesting heavy taxation

Revolt by English peasants in 1381 in response to changing economic conditions

Law issued in 1366 that discriminated against the Irish, forbidding marriage between English and the Irish, requiring the use of the English language, and denying the Irish access to ecclesiastical offices

Famine and diseass ridden people blamed the ____ for their troubles

What types of cities were heavily affected by the plague?

What positive economic conditions did the Black Death bring?

What negative economic conditions did the Black Death bring?

What were causes of the 100 years war?

Royal propaganda encouraging unity within countries and opposition to the other

English soldiers who possessed long range weapons to best the French in the early years of the war

Claimed visions from God and was put in charge of French armies, turning the tide of the war

What economic impact did the 100 years war have?

What effect did the Schism have on common people?

argued for separation of church and state

argued that the the church had no secular power and translated the Bible into English

denied papal authority, later burned for heresy

held in 1409 to try to end the Schism, instead adding a third pope to the mix

the charging of excessive interest on loans (why many hated jews)

Many people saw the Black Death as a ______ problem rather than a medical problem

a person who is blamed for the wrongdoings, mistakes, or faults of others

French nobles from ______ supported the English to gain political independence

______ merchants from France supported the English because of their reliance on the wool trade

The war stimulated the advancement of _______

voluntary lay groups organized by occupation, devotional preference, neighborhood, or charitable activity

Causes for the Jacquerie rebellion:

Causes for the English Peasants Revolt

an sexual urban phenomena permitted by cities in certain red-light districts

noble bandits in the countryside demanding ransom and protection moneys; signifies political corruption

Ethnic difference began to be referred to in terms of _____

common language

Written by Dante Alighieri, a work about the travels through Heaven, Purgatory, and Hell, specifically presenting issues with the church in Inferno

Written by Geoffrey Chaucer, provides a panorama of European social life

states that the Catholic church is the only way to heavan

banishment from the Church