AP PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 2: Cognitive Psychology Set I

the persistence of learning over time through the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information

the processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain’s natural mode of information processing for many functions, including vision. Contrasts with the step by step processing of most computers and conscious problem-solving

the immediate very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system

activated memory that holds a few items briefly before the information is stored or forgotten

the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences

a newer understanding of short term memory that focuses on conscious active processing of incoming auditory and visual spatial information, and of information retrieved from long term memory

memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and declare

encoding that requires attention and conscious effort

unconscious encoding of incidental information such as space time and frequency, and of well learned information such as word meanings

retention independent of conscious recollection

a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second

a momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli, if attention elsewhere sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds

encoding on a basic level on the structure or appearance of words

encoding semantically based on the meaning of words; tends to yield the best retention

a measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier

a measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned

the activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations thus predisposing one’s perception memory or response

the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one’s current good/bad mood

our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list

an inability to form new memories

an inability to retrieve information from one’s past

the disruptive effect of prior learning in the recall of new information

the disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information