Chapter 30: Plant Diversity II

The embryo of a plant encased in a protective shell included with nutrients

One type of sporophyll that bears one type of spore

A plant that produces two differing spores, one female one male, from separate organs

Male gametophyte, pollen

The reproductive product of microsporangia

Female gametophyte, archegonium

The reproductive product of megasporangia

Durable polymer that prevents zygotes from drying

Where the female gametophyte is held within the plant ovary

Structure that holds the male gametophyte, wall is made of sporopollenin

Transfer of pollen from one plant to another plant of the same species

When pollen begins its growth into a pollen tube to discharge the sperm in to the female gametophyte

Seed producing phylum of vascular plants, produce "naked" seeds, contain cone bearing plants

Phylum of seed producing plants, produce "containers" around their seeds, contain flowering plants

A cone bearing plant that is typically evergreen

Make microspores (male)

Make megaspores (female)

More complex than pollen cone, bears megasporangia and accepts the pollen for germination

Simpler structure compared to ovulate cone, consist of scales, releases and produces pollen

Phylum of Gymnosperms, have large cones and palm like leaves

Phylum of Gymnosperms, have flagellated sperm and deciduous leaves

Phylum of Gymnosperms

Lower classification of Angiosperms, includes magnolia, laurels and black pepper

Lower classification of Angiosperms, includes orchids, grasses, and palms

Phylum of Gymnosperms, largest phyla contains cone bearing plants

Specialized shoot with up to 4 sets of modified leaves that bears sexual reproduction structures

Floral organ that helps to enclose and protect the flower bud before it opens; sterile

Colorful part of flower that attracts pollinators, sterile

Pollen producing organ of flowering plants

Stalk portion of the stamen

Pollen holding part of the stamen

Ovule bearing organ of flowering plants

Sticky part of the carpal, captures pollen

Stalk of the carpal

Where egg containing ovules develop

Term referring to one carpel or multiple carpels fused together

mature ovary of a flowers, aids in protection and dispersal

Part of the fruit formed from the wall of the ovary

Female gametophyte of angiosperms, contains 8 haploid nuclei

Transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another

Pore in the integuments of an ovule

2 sperm cell unite with 2 cells in the female gametophyte to form zygote and endosperm

Nutrient rich tissue that provides nourishment to embryo in angiosperm embryo

Embryonic leaf, first leaf of a plant

1 cotyledon

2 cotyledons

Lower classification of Angiosperms, largest group, contain edible groups and ornamental flowers

Earliest flowering plants, water lilies

Lower classification of Angiosperms, includes magnolia, laurels and black pepper

Lower classification of Angiosperms, largest group, contain edible groups and ornamental flowers

Wind, water, animal fur, and defication

Vascular plants are sporophyte dominated while nonvascular are gametophyte dominated

Contain a supply of nutrients, multicellular embryos, and a protective coating

Supply of nutrients allows new plants to get a head start, multicellular embryos allow for a better start, and protective coating allows it to be dispersed without water

Pollen leaves the pollen cone and enters the ovulate cone of another organism. The pollen forms a pollen tube and fertilizes the egg. The zygote forms a seed which is dispersed and grows into a sporophyte through mitosis. A new organism is grown and the gametes are produced through meiosis

A vehicle of pollination (pollinator, wind, etc.) gathers pollen off of the anther of one plant and transfers it to the stigma of another. There the sperm is released into the pistil of the plant (contains ovules). A seed is formed through mitosis and a new sporophyte plant grows form the seed. Gametes are produced through meiosis and the process is repeated