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Continuous simulation
❖Concerned with modeling a set of equations, representing a system, over time
❖May consist of algebraic systems, game theoretic models, statistical models or differential equations
❖Commonly used in conjunction with CAD (Computer Aided Drafting) or mathematical modeling software packages
❖ Commonly developed using spreadsheets, specialized mathematics software such as MATLAB
Monte Carlo
❖Invokes thoughts of gambling, gaming and chance
❖Used by John Von Neumann on his experiments on random numbers
❖Random number simulations used for solving stochastic or deterministic problems
Discrete Event Computer Simulation
Characterized by the passage of blocks of time during which nothing happens, punctuated by events which change the state of the system
Agent Based Modeling
❖Addresses simultaneous interactions of multiple agents to simulate, recreate, study and predict complex phenomenon
❖Concept is that an overall behavior emerges through the micro-level interactions of individual agents
Statistics
the mathematics of the collection, organization, and interpretation of numerical data, especially the analysis of population characteristics by inference from sampling
Probability
the chance that something will happen - how likely it is that some event will happen
simulation languages
❖Are versatile
❖General purpose classes of simulation software that can be used to create a multitude of modeling applications
❖Some examples of modeling languages are GPSS/H, GPSS/PC, SLX, and SIMSCRIPT III
a. Coding
b. Debugging
c. Analysis of results
d. Making changes
A simulation language provide a savings in
a. Businesses
b. Researches
c. Manufacturing
d. Service Companies
e. Consultants
A simulation language used by
General Purpose Simulation Systems (GPSS)
a. Originally developed by Geoffrey Gordon of IBM b. released in October of 1961
Vendors offering versions
a. Wolverine SW
b. Minuteman SW
c. ngolf Stahl and Beliber AB
SIMSCRIPT III
o Free form language with English like syntax
o Descendant of the original released in 1960
o Offers
a. OOP
b. Modularity
c. Dev Studio (SimStudio)
d. OO Simscript III graphics
e. Database Connectivity SDBC
Ease of Use
o Specifically designed for non-programmers
o User-Friendly features
Quick Model Development
o Set up to provide a fast method of constructing a model
o The underlying system has already been created and the user of the simulator is only changing parameters through a user interface
Base System Simulation Already Complete
The user of the simulator does not need to concern themselves with fully understanding and analyzing the system to be modeled
Framework for analysis of a Particular Type of System
The experimental framework has evolved from repeated use
Oversimplification
Simulators tend to oversimplify system representations
Inflexible System Representation
When simulators are created, the base model has already been built and with it are some general, unchangeable, underlying assumptions
Encourages Jumping the Gun
Modelers are often tempted to skip intermediate steps in the model creation process
Visual Components may create a false Sense of Credibility
Graphics “clouds” one’s judgment
