clsx midterm

A political office that could only be held by plebeians. There were 10 tribunes, and tribunes could propose legislation directly to the Assembly of the Plebs, had veto power over the Senate, and were considered sacrosanct

A Carthaginian general who led an army and elephants over the Alps in 218 BCE during the 2nd Punic War. Hannibal's army pillaged Italy and beat the Romans in many battles including at the River Trebia, Lake Trasimene, and Cannae

Traditional story of how Rome began. Twins abandoned and rescued by a wolf, raised by a shepherd . Grew to build Rome. Romulus later killed Remus

7th Etruscan king, last king of Rome, a harsh tyrant driven from power in 509 B.C.

the Island located in the center of the tiber. It was bridged to the area outside of rome. Also, the Island was built on and constructed into a form that was reminiscent of a boat.

In ancient Rome, the supreme governing body, originally made up only of aristocrats.

Under the Roman Republic, one of the two magistrates holding supreme civil and military authority. Nominated by the Senate and elected by citizens in the Comitia Centuriata, the consuls held office for one year and each had power of veto over the other.

the path of honor, to move up a level in the political sense; sequence of magistracies(high to low): censor, consul, praetor, quaestor(aedile and tribune are optional)

a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained power by force.

the high priest of Rome, the head of Roman state religion; he appointed and oversaw the vestal virgins.

Battle for Sicily; takes place on sea; Rome wins and Carthage has to pay tribute to them; Carthagians move to Spain

the device that allowed the Romans to board enemy ships

Hannibal led an attack that included 46,000 men and 37 elephants against Rome.

Hannibal encircled Romans; beat force at least three times bigger than his own; greatest victory

Roman general who commanded the invasion of Carthage in the second Punic War and defeated Hannibal at Zama (circa 237-183 BC)

Roman politician who wanted to give land to the poor

law that Tiberius had passed that was to redistribute public lands that were illegally taken by wealthier Roman citizens

Roman politician who wanted to control the Price of grain, build public works

the first person in a family to be elected to a political office

War fought from 91-88 BCE between Rome and her Italian allies (socii) over the citizenship rights of Rome's conquered peoples. Resulted, in 89 BCE, in the extension of citizenship to all Italians willing to lay down their arms.

rival of Marius who raised his own army to defeat Marius and take control of Rome

published list of names; a man on the list was declared a public outlaw and could be hunted down and killed for a reward. His sons lost their citizenship. Many of the proscribed were guilty of nothing more than being rich.

a military and political leader of the late Roman Republic

elected to consulship and feared Pompey's return so allied with Caesar and was part of the first triumvirate

elected to consul and governor of illyricum and Gaul for five years and after return Crassus dead and pompey and senate against his; started civil war that ended in his victory and dictatorship; eventually assassinated by the senate

Julius Caesar, Pompey, Crassus

Caesar's nine years of War in ancient Gaul, including two expeditions to Britain. From this campaign, Caesar gained a powerful level of personal prestige and popularity.

Twin brothers and the founders of Rome. The parents was Rhea Silvia and they found Rome when Romulus wanted to found the new city on the Palatine Hill, Remus preferred the Aventine Hill

Rome is located where it is because the hills protect the people from floods and attacks and the Tiber River for water

The king was Lucius Junius Brutus and he was expelled from Rome because of the rape of the noblewoman

The senate appointed a dictator and they chose him after the Romans lost a minor battle against Aequi. He's a role model because of responsibility and virtue

A group of bandits and brigands and they took control of the Sicilian city of Messana

Carthaginians will not cross north of the Ebro river in Spain. It term-33was important because the Carthaginians expand unchallenged into Spain

He took his outnumbered army and strategically placed them around the enemy

Rome lays siege to Carthage for 3 years taking the city. It was the beginning of the period of Roman domination in Greek history

Marius' reforms changed the Roman military from a service of short-term militia into a professional standing army

Optimates seek to maintain the traditional power of the Senate while the populates attain power by gaining the support of the common people. They were both different by

Creating his own brigade of 500 firefighters who rushed to burning buildings and it functioned as a money making scheme in which Rome were privately owned enterprises

Informal political alliance among three politicians in the late Roman Republic. The members are Julius Caesar, Gnaeus Magnus Pompey, and Marcus Licinius Crassus

It was fought between Carthage, led by Hannibal in Rome. The war unfold when Hannibal led the attack that included a lot of men and elephants against Rome. Hannibal lost, Rome then defeats Carthage and Carthaginians accepted Scipio’s term of peace. The effects of war that had an effect on the Mediterranean is that Rome got to take control of the Mediterranean region

The problems facing Rome before their tribunates was the political strife contained to the courts, assemblies, or Senate chamber. The brothers attempt to address these concerns in their legislative agendas by helping the poor and giving the common people their rights. They propose their ideas to the popular assembly. The result is Gaius faced execution and committed suicide

It was fought between Sulla and Marius. Sulla marched on Rome to gain political power and control of the army of the East that has been offered to his enemy Marius. They fight against each other and Sulla won. He then made himself dictator of the Republic

The first major event of the Roman Revolution was the Gracchi brothers. It contributed to the erosion of republican form of government when they got to address their concerns to the legislative. The second event was Tiberius got to express his concerns to the legislative. The last event was the optimates and populates. They appease the common people with bread and circuses. Failure to address these issues leads to war