US Government and Politics

Constitutionally established freedoms that protect citizens, opinions, and property against arbitrary gov interference

Which rule stipulates that evidence illegally obtained from a crime scene cannot be used against the accused?

Letter from a Birmingham Jail

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.

A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. Right to bear arms

Forbids the forcible housing of military personnel in a citizen's home during peacetime and requires the process to be “prescribed by law” in times of war.

Protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government.

Guarantees the right to a grand jury, forbids “double jeopardy,” and protects against self-incrimination.

They include the rights to a fast and public trial by an impartial jury, to be aware of the criminal charges, to confront witnesses during the trial, to have witnesses appear in the trial, and the right to legal representation.

Protects the right for citizens to have a jury trial in federal courts with civil cases where the claim exceeds a certain dollar value.

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

Enumerated Rights - clarifies that the document is not a comprehensive list of every right of the citizen, and that the yet-unnamed rights are entitled to protection by the law.

any powers that are not specifically given to the federal government, nor withheld from the states, are reserved to those respective states, or to the people at large.

restricts the ability of individuals to bring suit against states of which they are not citizens in federal court.

each elector must cast distinct votes for president and vice president, instead of two votes for president.

forbids chattel slavery across the United States and in every territory under its control, except as a criminal punishment.

born or naturalized in the United States," including formerly enslaved people, and provided all citizens with “equal protection under the laws,

Citizenship Clause, Privileges or Immunities Clause, Due Process Clause, and Equal Protection Clause

grants the right to vote for all male citizens regardless of their ethnicity or prior slave status

allows Congress to levy a tax on income from any source.

removed from state legislatures the power to choose U.S. Senators and gave that power directly to voters in each state.

prohibited “the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquours” but not the consumption, private possession, or production for one's own consumption.

granted women the right to vote.

allows the vice president-elect to act in that role until a new one can be appointed by Congress.

repealed the previous Eighteenth Amendment which had established a nationwide ban on the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol.

Constitution limits the number of times a person can be elected to the office of President of the United States to two terms, and sets additional eligibility conditions for presidents who succeed to the unexpired terms of their predecessors.

Gives D.C 3 / 1 rep + 2 senators

Elimination of Poll Taxes

In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President.

Congress quickly proposed and surprisingly passed a constitutional amendment permanently lowering the voting age to 18.

forbids any changes to the salary of Congress members from taking effect until the next election concludes.

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All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.

which prohibit the deprivation of "life, liberty, or property" by the federal and state governments, respectively, without due process of law.

the citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states

the idea that a governmental body may not deny people equal protection of its governing laws.