Photosynthesis

Organisms that can produce organic molecules from inorganic molecules using energy from photons or from other inorganic molecules

Organisms that obtain energy and nutrients from other organisms

Autotrophs that use photons of light energy to construct a complex organic molecules from inorganic molecules

Autotrophs that use energy from inorganic chemical reactions to construct complex organic molecules from inorganic molecules

The series of chemical reactions in photosynthesis that requires photons of light energy and produces ATP, NADPH, and O2. The light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoids of the chloroplast

The series of chemical reactions in photosynthesis that uses ATP, NADPH, and CO2 to produce organic molecules. The light-independent reactions occur in the stroma of the chloroplast. Also known as the Calvin Cycle

The use of photons of light energy to excite electrons and build proton gradients, which can be used by ATP synthase to generate ATP

The major light-absorbing pigments in green plants used in photosynthesis. Chlorophylls absorb specific wavelengths of light energy to excite electrons that power the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis

Minor pigments in photosystems that capture light energy from wavelengths of light different from those wavelengths from which chlorophyll captures light energy. Examples include xanthophylls and carotens

Complexes of light-absorbing pigments and proteins that absorb photons to excite electrons that power the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis

The use of photons of light energy to split water molecules into molecular oxygen, electrons, and protons in photosynthesis

The use of proton gradients and the enzyme ATP synthase to generate molecules of ATP

The enzyme that catalyzes the formation of ATP using a proton gradient

The enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of NADP+ to NADPH during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis

The first part of the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) in which inorganic CO2 is added to the five-carbon molecule ribulose-bis-phosphate (RuBP) to form a six-carbon intermediate

The second part of the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) in which ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions are used to produce three-carbon molecule glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P), which is a building block of organic molecules

The third and final part of the light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle), powered by ATP (from the light-dependent reactions), in which five molecules of G3P are used to regenerate three molecules of RuBP

The range of wavelengths of light energy that a pigment absorbs most efficiently