Unit 2: Population and Migration Patterns and Processes (copy)

A formula that uses birth rates, death rates, immigration, and emigration statistics to show population growth.

The annual number of live births per 1,000 people in a population.

The annual number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population.

Increased food and nutrition, access to sanitation, education, and healthcare.

Birth Rate - Death Rate / 10%.

The number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants for every thousand members of the population.

The estimated average number of children born to each female of birthing age.

The number of people too young or too old to work compared to the number of people in the workforce.

A theory of how population changes over time, providing insights into migration, fertility, economic development, industrialization, urbanization, labor, politics, and the role of women.

A model that accounts for development due to increasing population growth rates caused by medical advances.

Historically characterized by pre-agricultural societies engaged in subsistence farming and transhumance, with high birth and death rates.

Typically agriculturally based economies with high birth rates, declining death rates, and rapid population growth.

Historically where most "industrialized" or manufacturing-based countries were found, with declining birth and death rates due to urbanization and fertility control.

Converging birth and death rates resulting in limited population growth or decline, with service industries driving the economy.

The theory that global population would eventually outgrow the food supply, but food production has continued to stay ahead of population growth.

The ability to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Graphical representations of the population structure, gender, and age distribution of a country or place.

The number of people per square unit of land.

The number of people per square unit of farmland.

A major concern in resource-poor regions and globally. It leads to the depletion of nonrenewable energy sources and decreased personal space.

The movement of people from one location to another, usually voluntarily

Specific factors commonly about the rural agricultural landscape and livelihood that force people to leave, such as armed conflict or environmental pollution.

Specific factors commonly about cities that attract people somewhere, such as job opportunities or access to healthcare.

People who move from one region to another within a country.

Movement of people across national borders, involving the relocation and settlement in a different country.

Movement of individuals or groups who are compelled to leave their homes or countries due to factors such as conflict, persecution, or environmental disasters.

Individuals residing in a country without legal authorization by the government of that country. Commonly seeking refuge or employment.

Government programs that allow undocumented immigrants the opportunity to apply for official legal status.

The gradual movement of people from rural areas to urban areas in a series of small steps driven by economic opportunities and better living conditions.

The process where immigrants move to a new country because of existing connections with family or friends who have already settled there.

The various transitions and transformations that occur throughout an individual's life and can cause people to migrate.

Natality

Mortality Rate

Difference between the birth rate and the death rate in a population.

When the majority of women are heavily engaged in business, they are far less likely to have children.

How long it would take for a country to double in size.

2.1 TFR

the more people there are, the more people can work instead of more mouths to feed

• as pop increases = more pressure on agriculture system = inspires invention = more food

policies that attempted to reduce the number of children born in a country

• used by developing countries

• China One Child Policy - 1979-2016

• 118 males:100 females

• changes to 2 children in 2016

programs designed to increase fertility rates

• paid time off, free childcare, government discounts

• Denmark Singapore Italy Russia - promoted more children by national pride

both anti and pro

• “Stop at Two” - 1966

• “Have three or more if you can afford it “ - 1987

• “Work Life Harmony” - 2000

• paid leave, cash bonuses, tax rebates for working mothers

barriers that make migrants destination harder to reach

• political - laws on immigration

• environmental - deserts or oceans

• walls and constructs

• social - married to someone on route and settles in their community

• economic - not enough money for destination

opportunities on route that disrupt their original migration plan

as population of city increases = migration increases

distance to city grows = migration decreases

transnational migrants who relocate to a new country to find labor that isn’t available locally

• unskilled agricultural or manual labor

when migrants move to another part of the same country

people who migrate out of international borders

money sent from migrants to their families back in their home countries

when migration out of a country is made of skilled people

neighborhoods made of mostly the same ethnic group

• little italy

• chinatown

process of herders moving with their animals to different pastures during different seasons

• Italy, Greece, Turkey

people divided by land

farmers divided/arable land

people/ arable land

large migration in the US that triggers after the end of world war I in 1917 where many in south cities migrated to the rest of the country