ALL AP HUG KBATS

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Unitary State

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446 Terms

1

Unitary State

A state where the majority of power are distributed to the hands of central government officials

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2

Geometric boundary

A line of latitude or longitude used to make a political barrier between 2 states

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3

Devolution

The transfer of power from a central government to a lower level of government (regional or local).

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4

Berlin Conference

A meeting in 1884, with the intention of dividing up the continent of Africa among European imperial powers

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5

Neo Colonialism

When a powerful country gives weaker countries economic pressures that causes the weaker countries to be dependent on the powerful country.

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6

Perforated State

A state that completely surrounds another state.

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7

Colonialism

An attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its wishes in another territory.

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8

Prorupted state

A state that is mostly compact but has an elongated extension.

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9

Geopolitics

The study of the connections between political relationships and the territories in which they occur.

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10

City State

A sovereign city that has a town and a surrounding countryside with the most power in its territory.

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11

Territoriality

Defense of a space against encroachment by other individuals.

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12

Compact state

A state that has the same distance from the center to its borders.

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13

Elongated state

A state with a long, narrow shape

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14

Stateless nation

A large group of people united by history and culture but do not have a common state that they call home

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15

Landlocked state

A state that does not have a direct outlet to the sea

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16

Multinational state

A state that has 2 or more ethnic groups that govern themselves and coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities.

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17

Multiethnic state

A state that contains more than one ethnicity

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18

Microstate

A state that encompasses a very small land area.

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19

Nation state

A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a certain ethnicity that is homogenous, and is distinct from its surrounding.

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20

Gerrymandering

The act of redrawing legislative boundaries to benefit the party in power.

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21

Anocracy

A country that is not fully democratic or fully autocratic but displays a mix of autocracy and democracy

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22

Autocracy

A country that is run according to the interests of a ruler rather than the people

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23

Federal state

A state that allocates strong power to units of local government within the country.

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24

Physical Boundary

A boundary that is tangible/concrete and is often used as the political barrier between 2 states

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25

Ethnic/Cultural Boundary

A term used to describe the vernacular/non-tangible border between 2 different cultural groups.

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26

Relic Boundary

A boundary that used to have meaning and can still be detected on the landscape.

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27

Superimposed Boundary

Political barriers drawn in an area without regard for cultural divisions for the people living there.

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28

Antecedent Boundary

A boundary between 2 states that is created before the area is populated by humans

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29

Subsequent Boundary

A boundary that is established after the settlement in that area occurred.

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30

Consequent Boundary

A boundary between opposing groups that was made to stop wars/disputes and establish a clear separation between groups.

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31

Frontier Boundary

A zone of territory where no state has governing authority.

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32

Shatter belt

A region that has no local conflicts within states or between countries in the region, but have involvement of opposing great powers from outside the region.

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33

Irredentism

A political movement that intends to reunite a nation or reclaim a lost territory.

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34

Choke point

Geographic locations when the flow of people and goods can be constricted in the event of a conflict.

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35

Redistricting

The redrawing of the boundaries of congressional and state legislative districts that happens every 10 years after the census results.

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36

United Nations on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)

Defines the territory, rights and responsibilities of nations on the economic usage of the sea.

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37

Warsaw Pact

An alliance in 1955 between the Soviet Union and several Eastern European Countries.

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38

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

An alliance that was made so that any countries in the alliance would defend each other if attacked by another country outside of the treaty.

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39

Balance of Power

A condition when there is equal strength between countries or alliances of countries.

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40

United Nations

An International organization formed in 1945 to increase political and economic cooperation among member countries.

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41

European Union

A union of some European countries to promoted development within member states through economic cooperation.

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42

African Union

An organization of African states established in 2002 to promote political and economic development.

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43

Habit

A repetitive act performed by a particular individual.

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44

Custom

Practices followed by the people of a particular cultural group.

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45

Folk Culture

Culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups.

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46

Popular Culture

Culture found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics.

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47

Culture Hearth

A center where cultures developed and from which ideas and traditions spread outward.

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48

Material Culture

Tangible, physical items produced and used by members of a specific culture group and reflective of their traditions, lifestyles, and technologies.

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49

Taboo

A restriction on behavior imposed by social custom.

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50

Terroir

The contribution of a location's distinctive physical features to the way food tastes.

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51

Assimilation

The social process of replacing one cultural for another, usually from a minority to a majority.

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52

Acculturation

The adoption of the behavior patterns of the surrounding culture.

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53

Cultural Diffusion

The spread of cultural elements from one society to another.

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54

Built Environment

The man-made surroundings that provide the setting for human activity, ranging in scale from small to big

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55

Cultural Appropriation

The process by which cultures adopt customs and knowledge from other cultures usually minority cultures with disrespect.

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56

Cultural Syncretism

When an aspect of two or more distinct cultures blend together to create a new custom, idea, practice, or philosophy.

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57

Homogeneous population

A population composed of similar people

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58

Heterogeneous population

-A population that consists of people that have many different ethnic, racial, religious, or social backgrounds

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59

True or False, Folk Culture has anonymous hearths?

True

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60

True or False, Popular Culture has its origin unknown?

False

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61

What is Blondie Considered from Hip Hop?

Cultural Syncretism

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62

Language Group

Collection of Languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and have similar grammar and vocabulary.

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63

Vulgar Latin

A daily used form of Latin spoken by ancient Romans, as opposed to the normal dialect.

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64

Romance Language

Languages that were in the areas that were once controlled by the Roman Empire.

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65

Creole Language

A language that is a result of the mixing, of a colonizer's language of the indigenous language of the people being dominated.

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66

Language Branch

a collection of languages within a family related through a common ancestral language that existed several thousand years ago.

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67

Language Family

A collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history.

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68

British Received Language

Dialect of English associated with upper class British living in London and is now considered standard in the U.K.

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69

Developing Language

A language spoken daily by people of all ages in a population that has a literary tradition.

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70

Dialect

A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation.

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71

Official Language

The language adopted for use by the government for road signs, stamps, money and more.

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72

Franglais

Mix of French and English.

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73

Ebonics

A dialect spoken by some African Americans

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74

Pidgin Language

A simplified form of a lingua franca that is understood by 2 people or more people that don't understand the same native language.

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75

Lingua Franca

A language of international communication that is formed by mixing 2 different languages into a common language.

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76

Literary Tradition

A language that is written as well as spoken.

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77

Isolated Language

A language that is unrelated to other language and is therefore not part of any language families.

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78

Extinct Language

A language that was daily used by people but is no longer in use.

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79

Ideograms/Logograms

Symbols that represent words or meaningful parts of words.

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80

Slang

An informal, often short-lived type of language used in place of standard words.

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81

Vigorous Language

A language spoken daily by all ages, but lacks a literary tradition.

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82

Spanglish

A mix of Spanish and English

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83

Denglish

A mix of German and English

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84

Isogloss

The word-usage boundary that can be constructed for any word.

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85

What is the diffusion process by which folk culture most often spreads?

Relocation Diffusion

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86

The French obsession with soil, climate, and other physicals features that contribute to the distinct flavors of wine and cheese is a belief in the concept of ______

Terrior

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87

In the past 50 years, the two specific technologies most associated with the diffusion of popular culture are the

Television and Internet

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88

The Amish cultural group in the U.S. have adjusted to the dominant culture while maintaining many parts of their folk culture. What is this called?

Acculturation

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89

What historical event around the 1700's caused advancement in Europe

Industrial Revolution

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90

What are the 2 biggest language families

Indo European and Sino Tibetan

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91

Diaspora

The forced dispersion of people from their homeland, example Jews from Israel.

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92

Branch

A large and fundamental division within a religion

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93

Denomination

A division of a branch that unites a number of local congregations in a single legal and administrative body

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94

Ethnic Religion

Religions that appeal primarily to one group of people hiring in one place.

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95

Sect

A relatively small group that has broken away from an established denomination

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96

Animism

The belief that objects and natural events have a discrete spirit and conscious life

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97

Aliya

The migration to Israel by Jewish people.

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98

Diocese

A unit of land that a Bishop in the Roman Catholic Church watches over.

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99

Parish

A unit of land that a priest from the Roman Catholic Church watches over and makes up a Diocese.

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100

Intrafaith Conflict

Conflict between people of the same religion.

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