Chapter 5: The Living World: Ecosystems

90 percent of energy is used by the organism and only 10 percent moves up the pyramid because the organism below it used up the energy to heat its body and move, etc

Major communities of plants and animals

How carbon cycles in the environment

One species benefits and the other is unaffected

Two species competing for the same resources

competition between members of the same species

competition between members of different species

Dry with little vegetation

Living and nonliving parts of an environment

Visual representation of how one organism is food source for another

Visual representation that is more like real life with multiple food source options for each animal

The total rate of photosynthesis in an area, or the full amount of food produced by the producers

Otherwise known as the water cycle and includes evaporation, condensation, runoff, precipitation, and transpiration

Both species benefit by being in the relationship

The difference between gross productivity and the energy lost by producers for respiration

Nitrogen makes up 78 percent of our atmosphere

Phosphorus cycles in the environment but it is a slow cycle with no atmospheric form

One eats, one gets eaten

The rate at which food energy is generated by photosynthesis

Grassland with a wet season and a dry season; wildfires are common

Hot, dry summers and cool, moist winters; found near coasts with short trees and grasses

Lengthy cold, wet winters with lots of coniferous trees

Lots of grasses, low rainfall

Coniferous and broadleaf trees with lots of rain

Four seasons with warm, wet summers and cold winters

Made up of producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and decomposers and shows that each level has less energy available

Greatest diversity of species with rain all year and warm all year

Extremely cold, no trees, little rain

rivers, lakes, streams, ponds.

oceans, coral reefs, kelp forests, marshlands, estuaries, mangrove forests, tidepools