Unit 1: Chemistry of Life (copy)

macromolecules essential for the storage and transmission of genetic information in living organisms. Made up of simple unit of nucleotides.

a fatty substance that is essential for building cells and producing certain hormones in the body.

________ are organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

________ is a molecule in the blood that helps distribute oxygen to the tissues in the body.

________ is when polymers can also be broken down into monomers.

is the simplest form of carbohydrate, consisting of a single sugar molecule..

a molecule that carries genetic instructions. It has a double helix structure made of nucleotides containing adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine..

the individual building blocks of a polymer.

The ________ ions in a solution will indicate whether it is acidic, basic, or neutral.

________ are negatively charged (-) particles.

________ is essential for protein synthesis.

________ are positively charged (+) particles.

________ are neutral particles as they donot carry any electric charge.

________ contain two fatty acid "tails "and one negatively charged phosphate "head.

________ are chains of building blocks in macromolecules.

________ is an important part of the food we eat, and it is the product made by plants during photosynthesis.

________ are building blocks of proteins.

________ affects whether an amino acid is more hydrophobic or more hydrophilic.

is a complex carbohydrate composed of multiple monosaccharide (simple sugar) units linked together.

contains a lot of hydrogen ions (H+).

________ are the unit of life and are the building blocks of the physical world.

The ________ is logarithmic and represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration.

a common secondary structure in proteins, characterized by a tightly coiled, helical shape.

a type of molecule that serves as a building block of lipids, which are a class of biological molecules that include fats, oils, and phospholipids.

is a type of carbohydrate composed of two monosaccharide molecules joined together through a chemical bond known as a glycosidic bond.

is a chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.

is a type of lipid (fat) and is composed of three fatty acid molecules chemically linked to a glycerol molecule.

large molecules made of amino acids, serving various roles such as enzymes for chemical reactions, structural support, and signaling in the body.

are a diverse group of organic molecules that are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents.

The ________ or alkalinity of a solution can be measured using a pH scale.

A(n) ________ is formed when electrons are shared between atoms.

The ________ contributes to another property of water known as surface tension.

pure substances that consist of only one type of atom.

To break up the disaccharide and form two monosaccharides

affect its structure and function.

the tendency of molecules of the same substance to be attracted to each other.

a protein secondary structure where adjacent amino acid chains align in a sheet-like formation, held together by hydrogen bonds.

________ are uncharged particles.

a type of lipid molecule composed of two fatty acid chains, a glycerol backbone, and a phosphate group.