GOVT 0402 - Topic #1 (Lecture 1)

people + interaction + common purpose + identity + individual accountability

A group + complementary skills + performance goals + unified approach + commitment & trust + individual & mutual accountability

groups are teams

difficult to form

learn how to work together

–Intensity with which team members work together

–Presence of a specific, overriding team goal or objective

• Interact with one another

• Are working toward some common purpose

• Perceive themselves to be a group

• Have a strong, focused leader

• Have individual accountability

• Strive to run efficient meetings

• Are a special type of group

• Have complementary skills

• Full commitment to a common purpose

• Have a set of performance goals

• A defined approach to a task

• The team leader shares leadership roles

• Have individual & mutual accountability

• Encourage discussion and participation

• Formal Groups

• Informal Groups

Are deliberately formed by the organization to accomplish specific tasks and achieve goals

Emerge over time through the interaction of workers. \n Are not sanctioned but may be tolerated/encouraged by the organization.

• Top-Management Team

• Cross-Functional Team

i] Is the group of managers at the top of organizations who collaborates in making most major decisions.

ii] Occasionally, can be a committee of two or more top executives who claim to share power.

iii] executives/leadership: ultimately accountable + collaborative + strategic focus + mandate of a governing board + aim for a unified voice/decision.

i] Is a group of workers with different specialties often drawn from the same level in the organization to blend their talents to accomplish a task.

ii] Have individual members who think in terms of what is good for the organization and not their specialty.

iii] diverse expertise + about the same level + performance goals + unified approach + commitment + individual & mutual accountability.

• Crews

• Virtual Teams

–A group of specialists each of whom has specific roles, perform brief events that are closely synchronized with the work of other specialists and repeats them under different environmental conditions

–Identified by the technology/specialisation

–teams that use primarily electronic platforms for communication.

–NO physical constraints bar effective communication

–Members can be located anywhere in the world

–Advanced “cyber-collaboration” techniques:

• e-mail for sharing information and “cyber-meetings”

• groupware for simultaneous document editing

• desktop video conferencing to facilitate the virtual team

1] Forming

2] Storming

3] Norming

5] Performing

6] Adjourning

-Uncertainty

-A time of confusion, caution, communality for   members

-Group members learn:

• what tasks are expected to be performed

• what the benefits are of group membership

• what rules must be followed and expected behaviors

• Conflict

• A time of hostility, infighting, tension, and confrontation

• Members argue to clarify expectations

• Coalitions, cliques, and subgroups form within the group

• Conflict resolution

• A period of quiet; resistance is overcome and team standards (norms) are established

• Generation of team spirit

• Cohesiveness and commitment begin to emerge

• Collaboration

• Goal achievement

• In this stage, the team is ready to focus on accomplishing its key tasks

• Intrinsic motivation and creativity emerge as the team performs (“working for the cause”)

• Team is now considered mature

• End of team

• Transition

• Teams are dissolved after their tasks are accomplished

• Can you think of examples of this?

Stages of Group Development

1. Clarifying the purpose

2. Defining meeting process

3. Listening to others

4. Consoling others

5. Supporting others

6. Sharing information

7. Criticizing constructively

8. Challenging others

9. Tracking progress

10. Driving the meeting

11. Leading the meeting

12. Stepping in for the leader

13. Mediating disagreements

14. Including everyone

1. Knowledge Contributor

2. Process Observer

3. People Supporter

4. Challenger

5. Listener

6. Mediator

7. Gatekeeper

8. Take-charge Leader

All of the Above

A. and C. only

1. TRUE

2. FALSE

3. TRUE

4. FALSE

A. B. C. only

B. C. D. only

1. TRUE

2. TRUE

3. TRUE

4. FALSE

B. and C. only

One is missing

C. A. B. D. E.

1. FALSE

2. FALSE

3. TRUE

4. FALSE

D. E. A. and C.

• Sharing information

• Clarifying the purpose

• Defining meeting process

• Tracking Progress

• Listening to others

• Supporting others

• Criticizing constructively

• Challenging others

• Playback points / decisions

• Mediating Disagreements

• Tracking Progress

• Including everyone

• Leading the meetings

• Stepping in for the leader