Studied by 6 peopleMicrobiology
Systematic study of organisms that are too small to be seen by the naked eye
Girolamo Fracastoro
Proposed the so-called Germ Theory
diseases are caused by microorganisms/germs
suggested disease is caused by “invisible living creatures”
Syphilis sive morbus gallicus
poem on the “origin of syphilis”
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Father of Protozoology and Bacteriology
“animalcules”
1st person to observe and describe microorganisms and called them as ___
“cavorting specimen” (wee beasties)
his own semen (bruh)
Louis Pasteur
Father of Modern Microbiology
Pasteurization
process of extending the shelf life of packaged and non-packaged food (milk & fruit juices) by applying mild heat <100C temp.
Spontaneous Generation Theory
[DISPROVEN] “Living organisms are derived from nonliving organisms”
Biogenesis
A living organism is derived from another living organism
Attenuated (weakened) Vaccines
weakened virus by heat or aging
Fermentation
chemical breakdown of substances using yeast which will result to effervescence (bubbles) and heat production
Joseph Lister
developed the antiseptic system of surgery
carbolic acid/phenol
antiseptic used
bacteriostatic
0.1 to 1% of phenol/carbolic acid
bactericidal
1-2% phenol/carbolic acid
Robert Koch
Postulates
Discovery of Bacillus anthracis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Culture of bacteria using media
Use of agar and petri dish in cultivating bacteria
Paul Ehrlich
discovered salvarsan to treat syphilis
synthetic preparation of arsenic
Alexander Fleming
discovered penicillin
Taxonomy
An area of science that deals with the study of 3 distinct but interrelated disciplines (classification, nomenclature, ID/identification)
Polyphasic Taxonomy
Taxonomy based on Genotype, Phenotype, Phylogenetics
Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrophotometry
MALDI-TOF MS
Carolus Linnaeus
Father of Taxonomy
Robert Whittaker
Basis: cellular organism and nutritional pattern
5 Kingdom System
Monera/prokaryotae
Fungi
Protistae
Animalia
Plantae
Carl Woese
Basis: cellular organization and function
3 Domain System
Bacteria (prokaryotic)
Eukaria (more complex organelles)
Archaea (extremophiles)
DOMAIN
KINGDOM
DIVISION or Phylum
CLASS
ORDER
FAMILY
TRIBE
GENUS
SPECIES (EPITHET)
SUBSPECIES
Hierarchy
Strains
organism population that is differentiated from populations within species
Biovars
variant prokaryotic strains characterized by biochemical or physiological differences
Serovars
variation in serological reactions; strains with distinctive antigenic properties
-aceae
Family
-ales
Order
-eae
Tribe
Note
Flashcard