Biol 111 - Ghosh final exam

Which of the following order is correct in terms of hierarchy of organization from largest to smallest

How are amino acids connected in a polypeptide?

When a lipid is liquid at room temp it possibly has

Difference between saturated and unsaturated fats

Two types of unsaturated fats

Carl Woese created the phylogenic tree of life using data from:

What is amylopectin’s structure?

What is amylose’s structure?

which 2 monosaccharides make up sucrose

Which polysaccharide is made with modified sugar…

natural selection is one of the mechanisms by which evolution of life occurs

What is a theory?

What type of bond is a weak chemical bond?

To act as an effective coolant in a car’s radiator….which table would you check first?

Which statement is true for cohesion? Adhesion?

four most common elements in organisms

Which functional group can pick up protons and raise the pH of the surrounding solution?

The amiphatic nature of which macromolecules makes it curucial for plasma membranes in cells

What is true for sickle cell anemia

Why does ice float in a glass of water

Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to which two domains

Valence shell of most atoms is full when they have how many electrons

When a general conclusion is drawn from a number of observations it is called

Atoms that vary in the number of neutrons in their nucleus are called

Within a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen by

A covalent bond is likely to be polar when

Whcih two functional groups are always present in an Amino acid

which of the following types of cells utilize DNA as genetic material but do not have a well-defined nucleus

Which bond type exists in one carbon and four hydrogen bonds in methane

Enantiomers are

Types of isomers (compunds w/ same number of elements but are arranged differently)

what functional group is nonpolar

Which of the following is NOT strictly classified as a polymer?

3 main polymers/organic macromolecules and their bonds

Aliphatic vs aromatic hydrocarbons?

Which disease can be possibly caused by excess levels of iron in the human body

all three aromatic amino acids (closed ring side chain)

maltose is formed a _____ bond between glucose and ____

a helix and b pleated sheet tell us about the _ sturcture of proteins

What is true for G = H - TS

All types of passive transport

During photosynthesis how many CO2 molecules are needed for 1 glucose

Carbs found on a plasma membrane's exterior side when connected to proteins are called ___, and when connected to lipids are called ____.

Whcih 5-carbon sugar is present RNA (ribonucleic acid)

During photosynthesis, during which phase is glucose actually synthesized

During ETC, NADH feeds electrons to ___ and FADH2 feeds its electrons to __

Which phase doesn’t require oxygen directly or inderectly

In nucleic acids, which bond connects nucleotides to form a polynucleotide

Plant cells are turgid and generally the healthiest when place in a ___ environment

Hyper vs hypo tonic solutions

In metabolism, ___ pathways break down compelx foods into simpelr substances, while ___ pathways build molecules

In glycolysis for each molecule of glucose oxidized to two pyruvate molecules,

Which bonds are hydrolyzed in ATP to provide energy?

One molecule of glycose needs two rounds of citric acid cycle during cell respiration, What is the output at the end of two rounds

When an animal cell is placed in a hyptonic solution, the cell will _ in water

In bulk transport, which process is responsible for moving contents outside the cell into the extracellular space

Types of bulk transport

What affect does cyanide poisoning have on cell resp

In active transport, which type of carrier proteins carry two different molecules or ions in the same direction

Carrier proteins types (active transport)

In facilitated diffusion, substances move from a high concentration to low concentration w help of channel and carrier proteins (T/F)

___ is a regulatory mechanism in which the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an upstream enzyme

Types of allosteric regulation of enzymes

Which organelle in plants is major site of photosynthesis

Plants are ___, utilizing sunlight to make complex organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water

not in DNA

What components make up a complete nucleotie

When a prokaryote can switch between aerobic respiration and fermentation depending on availability of oxygen it’s a

What happens to reactants in the light independent reaction?

According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy _____ be created or destroyed

Enzymes help reactants reach the _____ state by lowering the _____ energy.

Which energy source fuels the sodium-potassium pump

In active transport, for every ATP hydrolyzed, the sodium potassium pump can move ____ out the cell and ____ in the cell.

In alcohol fermentation, pyruvate is ultimately converted to

Which amphipathic molecule is abundantly present in a plasma membrane?

What is the special type of diffusion where water moves across a semipermeable membrane?

What’s the accurate description for oxygen consumed in cellular respiration?

When the free energy change is negative the reaction is

In plasma membranes what increases fluidity at low temperatures and decreases fluidity at high temperatures

In thermodynamics, in an open system, energy and matter can be transferred between the system and its surroundings

What are the coenzymes in their oxidized forms?

Using X-ray crystallography, who took “Photo 51” of a DNA molecule that served as one of the key data for understanding the DNA double helix?

During photosynthesis, how many turns of the Calvin cycle is required to synthesize one molecule of glucose?

In Labradors, B gene locus controls the color of the coat but the E gene locus has an effect on the B locus, what is this an example of?

Stages of calvin cycle in photosynthesis

What enzyme prevents over-winding of DNA (supercoiling) ahead of the replication fork when DNA double helix is unwinding?

Types of DNA repair mechanisms?

What is required during binary fission in bacteria

What phase of the cell cycle is occupied by non-dividing cells permanently or temporarily?

During mitosis, by the end of which phase does the two poles of the cell have equivalent collection of chromosomes?

Calvin cycle occurs in ___, is light ____, and uses ______

During DNA replication primase synthesizes RNA primers that primes the replication in both strands of DNA. (T/F)

During DNA packaging, when DNA is wound around histone protein, it is referred to as

In the mitochondria, ATP is synthesized in the ___, whereas in chloroplast ATP synthesis takes place in the ___

What is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes producing what type of chromosomes during prophase 1 of meiosis 1

In Mendel’s experiments, the parental P0 generation always consisted of what types of plants?

In Frederick Griffith’s experiments, what happened to the mice when injected with a mixture of heat-killed S cells and live R cells of Streptococcus pneumonia

Both red and white petals being expressed in Camelia flowers is an example of

What enzyme catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres in germ cells?

Humans have a _____ life cycle where only haploid cells are the ____