ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Any substance that promotes diuresis

Study of hormones

Glands that have ducts that secrete substances to external environment/organs

Organ that makes one or more substances

Hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal

Regulates hormones

Master gland and controls other glands, has 2 parts: posterior and anterior

Sleep-wake cycle

Chemical messenger

Back, stores and releases hormones produced by hypothalamus

Front, secretes own hormones

ADH and oxytocin

Anti-diuretic hormone

Uterus and mammary glands, milk let-down (makes still produce)

TSH, ACTH, GH, Prolactin

Produce T3 and T4 (most are produced in thyroid but can be produced in anterior

adrenocorticotropic hormone, adds more cortisol

Growth hormone, promotes growth and development during childhood/adolescence

Mammary glands, stimulates milk production (anterior)

Melatonin

Regulates sleep-wake cycle

Butterfly shaped, regulates body metabolism and storage of calcium (near neck)

Thyroxine (T4), Triiodothyronine (T3), Calcitonin

Converted into T3

Active form of T4

Decreases calcium levels (to prevent hypercalcemia)

Calcium levels are too high

Located near kidneys, composed of adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex

Cortisol, aldosterone, sex hormones

Stress hormone (up in glucose) (is a corticosteroid)

Regulates salt and water baldness (reabsorption in kidneys)

Growth in primary and secondary organs (estrogen and androgen)

Epinephrine (Adrenaline) and Norepinephrine

Increases heart rate and mental alertness (corticosteroid)

Raises blood pressure and blood sugar (corticosteroid)

Regulates blood sugar levels

Insulin and glucagon

Reduces blood sugar

Increases blood sugar

Product feeds back to control its own production, has 2 types: positive and negative

Amplify secretion

Maintain hormone levels

Diabetes Mellitus

Chronic medical condition, elevated blood level; has 2 types: Type 1 and type 2

Can't produce insulin

Most common, body grows resistance to insulin

Dr. Mark Anthony Sandoval