WW1

Aggressively building up a nation's armed forces in preparation for war and giving the military more authority over the government.

Secret treaties formed among European nations to secure military support and protection, often kept confidential to maintain strategic advantages and avoid provoking other nations.

Rivalries and envy among European powers due to competition for resources, territories, and global dominance.

Insane pride in one's own country, often leading to a superiority complex. Pan-Germanism and Pan-Slavism were nationalist ideologies aiming to unite German-speaking and Slavic peoples respectively.

The event that sparked World War I, carried out by a Serbian nationalist group called the Black Hand, triggering diplomatic tensions and military alliances.

A military strategy used during World War I where soldiers fought from trenches dug into the ground, enduring harsh conditions and constant threat of enemy attacks.

German submarines used to fight back against the British blockade of German ports, leading to American citizens getting caught in the crossfire.

British ocean liner sunk by a German submarine during World War I, resulting in 128 American deaths and tensions between the United States and Germany.

An agreement between Germany and the United States during World War I to give warning before attacking merchant ships, in order to avoid antagonizing the United States.

Secret diplomatic communication sent by Germany to Mexico during World War I, proposing a military alliance against the United States and offering to return Mexican territories.

The impact of World War I on life at home for Americans, including propaganda, selective service, and the convoy system to protect merchant ships.

New technology used in World War I that gained ground and broke the stalemate in the trenches.

Use of toxic gases, such as chlorine and mustard gas, to harm and incapacitate enemy soldiers, causing devastating long-term effects.

Weapons used for crowd control in World War I.

The arrival of American troops in France, changing the momentum of the war and leading to the fall of the Central Powers.

The Spanish Flu Pandemic that swept through much of the world during World War I, causing millions of deaths.

The last German Emperor and King of Prussia, ruling from 1888 until his abdication in 1918 at the end of World War I.

The defensive nature of trench warfare, the effectiveness of new weapons like machine guns, and the lack of effective strategies to break through enemy lines.

A type of German submarine used for naval warfare.

Promotes international cooperation, maintains peace, and prevents future conflicts through diplomacy and collective security measures.

A military alliance formed in 1907 between France, Russia, and the United Kingdom.

A military alliance formed in 1882 between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. It aimed to provide mutual support and protection in case of war. However, during World War I, Italy remained neutral until 1915, when it joined the Allies instead.

Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.

United States, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and other countries that fought against the Axis Powers.

Issued by the U.S. government to raise funds. Citizens lent money to the government, which was repaid with interest. The funds financed the war, military operations, and war-related expenses.

Buying war bonds, planting victory gardens, volunteering for the Red Cross, working in war industries, and conserving resources through rationing. These actions aided in mobilizing the nation and supporting the military.

Through Liberty Bonds, taxes, borrowing from Britain and France, and expanding the money supply through the Federal Reserve System.

Women filled male roles, gaining independence and supporting suffrage. Minorities, like African Americans, moved north for work but faced discrimination and violence. The war emphasized the need for equality, inspiring movements for racial and gender justice.

Laws such as the Espionage Act and Sedition Act curtailed freedom of speech and press. Criticizing the war or government led to arrests. The Supreme Court supported these laws, prioritizing national security. Government surveillance rose, violating citizens' privacy.

Wilson made this to outline his vision for post-war peace. They promoted self-determination, open diplomacy, disarmament, and the League of Nations to resolve disputes.

Empires like Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, and Russian collapse. New nations emerge, like Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia. These changes shape the continent's future conflicts and geopolitical landscape.

Imposed heavy reparations on Germany, leading to economic instability and resentment. Additionally, the treaty redrew national borders, resulting in the creation of new nations and changes to existing ones.

Wanted Germany to pay reparations after WW1 for economic compensation, punishment, deterrence, and political stability.