Cell Communication In depth 

APOPTOSIS

________: triggered by signals that activate a cascade of suicide proteins in the cells.

External signals

What are converted to responses within the cell? Answer with a single words or term.

TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR

________: the final molecule in a signaling pathway.

Second messengers

________ can initiate a phosphorylation cascade.

receptor protein

The ________ activates one or more intracellular signaling pathways each mediate by a series of intracellular signaling molecules.

RESPONSE

________: the specific cellular response to the signal molecule.

RECEPTION

________: a signaling molecule binds to a receptor protein causing it to change shape.

INTRACELLULAR RECEPTORS

________: inside the cytoplasm or nucleus.

PLASMA MEMBRANE RECEPTOR

________: bind to water soluble ligands (can not pass through; large polar charged)

Specific signal molecules

________ cause ligand gated ion channels in a membrane to open r close regulating the flow of specific ions, resulting in a change in cell activity (they can not get through the phospholipid layer.