Lymphatic System Definitons

erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

red blood cells

white blood cells

blood platelets

immature erythrocytes

bone marrow

replaces a blast's nucleus as it matures, allows transport of O and CO2

pertaining to nucleus of many forms

granulocytes, because their cytoplasm has granules

tiny particles that contain enzymes for digesting infectious microorganisms

agranulocytes, because the dont have granules.

polymorphonuclear leukocytes

mononuclear leukocytes

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

destroy pathogens, aka phagocytes

swallow, engulf

secrete stuff that attacks parasites, also respond during an allergic reaction

contain histamine and heparin, function not fully understood

is released during an inflammatory response.

natural acid that prevents coagulation

lymphocytes and monocytes

involved in immune surveillance, process of detecting and destroying pathogens

large, single nucleus phagocytes that swallows dead or dying cells and tissues.

monocytes turn into macrophages when they move from the bloodstream into body tissues

they turn into macrophages

spleen, liver, and connective tissue

thrombocytes/blood platelets

bone marrow cells with very large nuclei

they aid in coagulation

they broke off from megakaryocytes

liquid portion of the blood

water, hormones, protiens, sugar, salts, waste products.

albumin, globulin, fibrinogen, prothrombin

maintains proper amount of water. opposes water's tendency to leak into cells and tissues, which would cause edema (swelling)

makes up large portion of proteins in plasma. three types of it

alpha, beta, gamma

transport lipids thru blood

alpha and beta globulins

composed of mainly immunoglobulins, proteins that act as antibodies.

proteins that counteracts a specific antigen

creates bridges between blood platelets, which is involved in blood clotting

liver

converted into thrombin when injury occurs to blood vessel

it is not contained within a single set of organs or vessels

skin is a barrier against pathogens

cilia traps pathogens

stomach acids and enzymes kill pathogens

its network of lymphatic cells, tissues, vessels, and organs plays a central role in fighting pathogens

lymphatic fluid or interstitial fluid

removes wastes, toxins, and pathogens

only has leukocytes and plasma

capillaries or ducts

thin walled, microscopic tubes that carry lymph to larger vessels. propel in only one way

away from tissues, to thoracic cavity

right arm and right side of head and thorax.

lower right and left side of the body

specialized lymphatic vessels located in the villi of the small intestine. remove waste products from villi and carries it to the thoracic duct

filters pathogens from lymph before it is returned to the blood, makes lymphocytes

small masses of lymphatic tissue that form a protective ring in the pharynx and nasal cavity. trapping pathogens that enter the mouth and nose

palatine tonsils, lingual tonsils, adenoids (aka pharyngeal tonsils)

either side of the throat

base of the tongue

upper part of throat behind the nose (nasopharynx)

gland that secrets thymosin. diminishes after puberty

space between lungs

stimulates the bone marrow to manufacture T lymphocytes

spleen

filters blood by destroying worn out red blood cells, produces lymphocytes, stores thrombocytes, reservoir for blood

breaking down of blood cells

spleen

does hemolysis and stores healthy erythrocytes

small bundle of lymphatic tissue in the walls of the small intestine. protect small intestine against pathogens that enter through the digestive tract.

cytotoxic(T8), helper T cells(T4), Natural killer cells (NK), Suppressor cells

attach to antigens and destroy them

proteins on pathogen, unique to specific pathogen

aid B lymphocytes

recognizes certain sugar patterns on pathogenic cells and targets them

slow or stop B lymphocytes when the pathogen has been controlled or destroyed.

secrete immunoglobulins and turn into plasma cells. this process is called humoral immunity

main defense against infectious invaders in the body. Makes up 7% percent of immunoglobulins

fights blood infections. powerful agglutinating agent

secreted by plasma cells in the skin, tonsils, and respiratory and gastrointenstinal tracts. release bistamine

found in blood plasma in very small amounts, attach themselves to surfaces of B cells as antigen receptors

antibodies found in respiratory and gastrointenstinal tracts. secreted in saliva, tears, and breast milk

phagocytes engulf and digest foreign pathogens