Chapter 21: Sex Chromosome Haplotyping and Gender Identification

The Y chromosome is inherited from the father and is passed on to all male offspring.

Homologous nucleotide sequences that are present on the X and Y chromosomes.

It is located on the terminal region of the short arm. It comprises 2.6 Mb. Twenty-four genes have been identified within the PAR1.

It is located at the tip of the long arm. It comprises 320 kb, with only four genes identified so far.

The remainder of the Y chromosome.

The first characterized VNTR at the human Y chromosome. It consists of an array of AT-rich repeats at 25 bp per unit repeat.

is a useful tool in kinship testing in forensic investigations.

Homologous recombination between the X and Y chromosomes is restricted to the _______.

The _________ is inherited by daughters as haplotypes.

The percentage of recombinants resulting from chromosomal crossover between two loci during meiosis among all the offspring.

A disorder that causes abnormal formation of tooth enamel in both primary and permanent teeth.

AMEL locus which is located on the human X chromosome.

AMEL locus which is located on the human Y chromosome.

Encodes a transcription factor that plays a role in the regulation of sex determination toward male development.

The SRY protein contains a DNA-binding domain known as the _____.

An SRY-related HMG box-containing gene, has been identified at Xq27.1 of the X chromosome, which shares sequence homology with SRY.

It encodes the testis-specific protein Y-encoded gene that is only expressed in the testis and may play a role in spermatogenesis.

A marker utilized for the characterization of the TSPY locus.

It has been identified on the short arm of the X chromosome and is designated as TSPYL2.

A single-copy gene per X chromosome and is 6.3 kb in length, consisting of 7 exons and 6 introns.

A polymorphic pentanucleotide STR. It is located at the pseudoautosomal region of both X and Y chromosomes, is another candidate marker used for sex typing.

Alleles that have an additional adenine insertion in the repeat units of STR.

Encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of sulfated steroid precursors to biologically active steroids such as estrogens and androgens.