Theology Unit 3

Same, Small

Each of the four Gospels gives the ______________ account of the events leading to Jesus' death, with only ______________ differences in details.

Jerusalem, Passover

______________________ was the center of Jewish faith and worship, particularly during the annual commemoration of the ________________. Jesus' presence in the city was too direct a challenge to ignore.

Apostles

Early Thursday evening Jesus gathered with his closest friends, the ________________, for a final celebration of the Passover.

Gethsemane

After the meal Jesus went with his Apostles to one of his favorite places to pray, the garden at _______________________. While Jesus was in prayer, accepting his Father's will, Judas led the Temple guards to Jesus.

Sanhedrin

Jesus was brought before the _____________, the ruling group of Jewish religious leaders.

Governor

As early as possible the next morning, the Jewish leaders took Jesus to the Roman _______________, Pontius Pilate, and made their case against Jesus.

Ordered

Pilate _____________ Jesus' execution, although some Gospel accounts indicate that he simply permitted it to happen, rather than specifically ordering Jesus to be killed.

Fulfillment

The Gospels provide many details that show how the events of the Crucifixion were the _____________ of many Old Testament prophecies.

Died

According to the Gospels accounts, Jesus ________ in six hours or less.

Experienced, Saved

The Gospel stories take great care to show us that Jesus ____________________ doubt, pain, and fear as he was betrayed put through a mock trial, tortured, and crucified. He was not ____________ from these human feelings because of his divine nature.

Suffered, Forgiveness

The Son of God ______________, died, and was buried for the ____________ of our sins so that we might experience full communion with God in this life and the next.

Blasphemy

The chief priests and scribes claimed that Jesus committed ________________ when he claimed powers for himself that belonged to God alone.

Threat, Crucified

Regardless of whether Jesus was a revolutionary, he was a ______________ to the peace that Pilate was pledged to maintain. The bottom line is clear: Jesus would not have been __________________ without the approval of Pilate, acting on behalf of the Roman Empire.

Ironies

When we consider why both the Jewish and Roman leaders sought to have Jesus executed, we discover at least two ______________ in their human reasons behind Jesus' Passion and death.

Irony, Blasphemy

The first ______________ is that Jesus is indeed the Son of God, the Second Person of the Trinity. Jesus was not committing ____________________.

Irony, Fulfillment

The second ______________ is that in executing Jesus, Pilate set in motion the events that brought the Kingdom of God to its ____________________.

Person, Age

Salvation from sin and death for every ___________ in every ___________ comes through the death and Resurrection of Jesus Christ.

Jews, Holy Spirit, Meaning

The first Christians, like Jesus himself, were ____________. Guided by the ____________, they looked to their sacred writings, the Jewish Scriptures (which contain most of the same books that are in the Old Testament) to understand the _____________ of Jesus' death.

Unnamed, Save

The "Suffering Servant" passages in Isaiah describe an ___________ servant of the Lord who suffers greatly-not as punishment for his own sins but to ____________ the people from theirs.

Blood, Save

Just as the _________ of the Paschal lambs liberated the Israelites from death and slavery, so too did Jesus' death and Resurrection ___________ all humanity from death and from slavery to sin.

Ransom

The idea of ___________ helps us to understand that Jesus paid to God the price of our freedom so that we are no longer "owned" by sin and death.

Bridge

"We give glory to you, Lord, who raised up your cross to span the jaws of death like a _________ by which souls might pass from the region of the dead to the land of the living."

Destroy, Live

The Father allowed his Son's death in order to ______________ the power of death and restore our friendship with God so that we might ______________ eternally with him.

Accepted

Jesus Christ freely _________ his Passion and death.

Necessary

Christ's Resurrection is proof that his death was _________________ to overcome the power of sin and death.

Different, Son

What makes Jesus Christ ______________ from other spiritual leaders? Only Jesus Christ is the ______________ of God, the Second Divine Person of the Trinity, who was raised from the dead and now reigns in Heaven forever.

Different

Each of the four Gospels gives us a slightly ______________ account of what happens in the days after Jesus' death.

Real, Historically

Christ's Resurrection was a _______ event. It was _______________ attested to by the disciples, who truly encountered the Risen One

Escaped, Disciples

The empty tomb signified that by God's power, Christ's body __________________ the bonds of death. The empty tomb prepared the _________________ to encounter and believe in the Risen Lord.

Resurrected, Mystery

No one can tell you exactly what it means to be _____________ or what it will be like to experience it. This is a ____________ of faith that we will only fully understand after our death.

Gnostics

According to the ____________, the body keeps the soul captive and holds it back from its full potential.

Guarantee, Resurrection

Saint Paul makes the point that Christ's Resurrection is the _____________ that we too will experience the ________________ of the dead when Christ comes again in glory.

Eternal

God created us for ___________ life— a life in which there is no hatred, pain, or injustice.

Resurrection, Incarnation

Belief in Jesus' _____________ and belief in the ___________ go hand in hand.

Divinity, Teachings

If the Resurrection reveals the truth of Jesus' _________________, then it also reveals that all his other ______________ are true.

End, Doorway

Because of the Resurrection, death is not the _______; rather, death is our ______________ into new and eternal life in full communion with God and with one another

Power

By descending into hell, Jesus established his ___________________ over all creation—on Earth, in Heaven, and in hell.

Ascension

We proclaim the truth of the ______________ in the Nicene Creed when we say, "He ascended into Heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father."

Human, Eternity

Jesus Christ did not leave his ____________ nature behind when he returned to Heaven. For the rest of __________, he remains the true God and true man.

Limited, Free

Because of his ascension, Jesus is no longer ____________ to being in one place at one particular time. He is _________ to be everywhere, with everyone, for all time.

Lies, Empty

We need to be saved from the things that fill our lives with __________ and _________ promises

Original, Personal

The Paschal Mystery saves us from both ___________ Sin and __________ sin.

Consequences, Reconcile

The Paschal Mystery also saves us from the ___________ of sin by providing the means for us to _____________ with God in this life and experience loving communion with him in Heaven.

Opposite

In many ways, the things we are saved for are the _____________ of what we are saved from.

Joy, Love

We are free to experience all the ____________ and __________ God wants us to have.

Beatific Vision

In this earthly life, we experience God's love and friendship only in partial ways, although at times we may experience a glimpse of _____________________ the saints enjoy in Heaven.

Perfect, Sanctifying Grace

As you can see, between our Baptism and our death, each of us is on a journey to become "_____, just as your heavenly Father is perfect" (Matthew 5:48). To assist us on this journey, we receive the gift of _____ at Baptism.

Particular

Immediately after death each person undergoes a person ____________ Judgement by Christ. Our soul will be rewarded according to our faith and final words.

Raised, Final

Christ will return in his glory, and all the dead will be ______. We call this time the last day or the ______ Judgment.

Baptism

The Church has always taught that the Sacrament of Baptism is necessary for our salvation.

Fear, Trust, Follow

Christ does not want us to _____ his judgement. He wants us to _____ his love and his mercy and then to _____ him as completely as we can.

Afterlife

It may surprise you to know that the Old Testament books rarely refer to an ____________.

Died

As Christians, however, we know what happens to us when we die, because the person who supplied us with the answers actually ________ and rose from the dead.

Heaven

In _____________, we will know the joy of being in perfect communion with the Holy Trinity, the relationship that God has intended for us from the beginning of time.

Hell

Think of ______ as the natural and logical consequence for a person who has already decided to separate herself or himself from God here on Earth.

Purgatory

Souls in _____________ are assured of entering Heaven once their purification is complete.

Palm Sunday

The first day of Holy Week; the final Sunday before Easter when Jesus entered Jerusalem and was honored as a king.

Holy Thursday

The beginning of the Easter Triduum, starting with the evening celebration of the Mass of the Lord's Supper.

Holy Thursday Evening

Garden of Gethsemane and Jesus arrested

Holy Thursday Night

Trial by Sanhedrin, Peter denies Jesus 3x

Good Friday Morning

Christ is taken to pilate (tries to release him but fails) -instead a muderer, barabbas is released -crowd who welcomed Jesus before chants "crucify him" -Jesus is courted to appease crowd -soldiers mock him by a purple cloak, scepter (reed), and a crown of thorns -but this shows his kingship

Good Friday

Jesus is crucified and dies at 3:00 and was buried by Joseph of Arimathea before sundown. No Mass said, all four Gospels have same account of his death.

Crucifix

A cross with Jesus on it

Palm Sunday

Red color, Jesus enters Jerusalem for Passover

Last Supper

Washing of feet and the Passover meal (Jesus as Pashcal Lamb), with the Institution of the Eucharist

Garden of Gethsemane

Went to pray with the Apostles and Judas gives away Jesus' location

Trial Before Sanhedrin

They had no auithority to execute Jesus, so instead they twisted his claim, "I am the king of the Jews" into an accusation of blasphemy, allowing the Romans to then convict him of treason against rome and put him to death

Trial Before Pilate

Pilate was a roman governor whose Job was to keep peace. He didnt want to kill Jesus but he was pressured by other citizens and romans. Once his power was threatened, he had no choice but to kill Jesus

Scourging

Intense Roman beating with flagellum (whip) often administered prior to execution of a criminal. Jesus was whipped 39 times, and crowned with thorns.

Crucifixion

Golgotha, stripped and nailed to cross.

Jesus' Last Words

1. My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? 2. Father forgive them, they know not what they do. 3. Amen I say to you, today you will be with me in paradise. 4. Father, into your arms, I commend my spirit. 5. Woman, behold your son, behold your mother. 6. I thirst. 7. It is finished

Jesus' Death

Died in 6 hours or less, solar eclipse and earthquake, before the sabbath begins he is taken off the cross and put in the tomb.

Important People

Simon of Cyrene (carried the cross), John the beloved disciple at the foot of the cross, Joseph of Arimathea.

Roman and Jewish authorities and us

Who killed Jesus?

Reasons for Killing Jesus

He challenged their authority (picks grain on the Sabbath, blesses the poor), he was undermining their authority with the common people. Said he committed blasphemy when he claimed God's powers, threat to the peace of Rome, and for our forgiveness of sins.

Substitutional Theory

Jesus was a _______________ for us.

Ransom Theory

Christ achieved salvation by dying as a ransom paid to Satan

Satisfaction Theory

Christ restores God's honor, providing payment for the insult of our sin

Pencil Substitution

Debt must be paid to God because Jesus suffered so that God could be satisfied.

Moral Theory

The cross is a sign of God's love for us and we should do the same sacrificing for others as well, we should take up our own crosses.

Incarnational Theory

His perfect life eliminated in the Resurrection and connected us to God, because what we are and he sought to accomplish the extinction of sin and death so he gave himself and he divinized humanity.

St Ephrem of Syria

Doctor of the church, used music to counter heresies

Why did God allow his son to suffer?

Our first parents' Original Sin necessitated Jesus' sacrifice, the Father allowed his son's death in order to destroy the power of death, Jesus freely accepting his Passion. These actions are not signs of God's weakness, but his strength, and they show the depth of his love.

The Resurrection

The Gospel writers had several similarities in their writings. 1. ______________ took place on a Sunday Morning. 2. There were women present 3. The tomb was empty. 4. There were angels at the tomb. 5. There were several appearances to the disciples.

Verified Facts

Jesus did actually die by being crucified under Pontius Pilate, the Apostles were convinced that Jesus rose from the dead even to the point of their own deaths, St. Paul encountered the risen Lord after the Ascension, the tomb was empty.

Characteristics of Jesus' body after Resurrection

He could be seen and touched, he shared a meal with the disciples, his glorified body would never die again, his body is eternal and possesses supernatural qualities, and he materialized whenever and wherever he wished. His glorified body is fully transfigured by his self sacrifice into an offering of love, which we receive in the Eucharist. The significance is that is confirms that Jesus is the Son of God and his teachings are true.

Great Commissioning

Go, baptize, teach

Descent into Hell

Jesus brought salvation to all the righteous souls before his Resurrection, and established his power over all aspects of creation (Earth, Heaven, Hell).

Ascension

The "going up" into Heaven of the Risen Christ 40 days after his Resurrection, he is now more present with us in the form of the Holy Spirit

Revealing Jesus' Glory

1. Jesus has full authority over Earth, Heaven, and Hell 2. He opened up Heavens to humanity 3. He is more present to us (Eucharist, Private prayer, Scripture, Family, and service).