Global Politics Quiz

the absence of violence or conflict sometimes underpinned by a deeper level of equity and harmony

the absence of violence (in the form of e.g. racial tensions )

the sustainable resolution of all causes of violence

the natural state in the anarchical world order (national security is more important than peace)

unrealistic and competition is natural so equal status is impossible and undesirable

desirable and realistic first objective to be achieved through diplomacy

desired final state in conflict, both sides must make sacrifices and forgive

equity and harmony must be increased whilst violence and trauma are decreased

a society must operate on the basis of political and economic equality (ni good Friday agreement)

all individuals in a society must collaborate (truth and reconciliation commissions in sierra leone)

emotional shock following conflict or violence

one hegemon which cannot be challenged

two powers in direct polar competition (us and ussr in cold war)

many powers competing with each other (current world order)

democracy promotes peace as interstate conflict becomes rare as potential sources of grievance are reduced through fairness

states make to build up their defences causing other states to feel less secure and do the same, leading to arms races and war due to fear of being attacked.

peacemaking, peacekeeping, peacebuilding

sustaining negative peace allowing a foundation for positive peace/ a ceasefire is agreed and peacekeepers enter to hold the peace

creating negative peace through negotiation

building of sustainable positive peace and conflict resolution

exposing of the wrongdoing of those involved in conflict in hopes of promoting forgiveness

the prosecution of war criminals

when parties disagree or compete with each other over resources, ideas or territory

disagreement by mean of consultation or dialogue (Iran nuclear weapons programme used and P5+1 conversed about conflicting ideas and reached a conclusion)

the use of direct violence to people or infrastructure (civil war in syria broke out when peaceful protesters were shot by government)

attitudes, behaviours and contradictions act together to cause violent conflict

violence, genocide, discriminatory acts reduced through peacekeeping ( Assad government starts military campaign against insurgency via chemical weapon attacks in 2013)

inequality, dispute reduced through peace building ( sunni and shia inequalities and disputes)

racism, sexism, victimhood, trauma reduced through peacemaking ( rebel forces are deemed terrorists by assad)

nature of groups involved ( states or ngos) contradiction that is the cause of conflict (ideology, revolution

increased since 1946, now most common

decreased since 1946, none between 2004-2008

physical, mental or other harm is caused

harm through direct action (bombing)

governments or other powers function to cause harm to individuals or groups

the mindset that certain groups do not deserve human rights

the threat of violence and the use of fear to coerce and gain public attention

government repression targeted against civilians

non-state groups attack governments or civilians

international networks of terrorism

violence can be morally and legally justified if it is started by a right authority, for a just cause with probability of success, proportionality and as a last resort

the moral permissibility of acts in war (poisonous gases, landmines and cluster bombs are prohibited)