Studied by 60 peopleESS 4093: Resource Management for Public Land Stewards at Tennessee Technological University by Park Manager Stuart Carroll, Tuesday nights 6pm-8:50pm Fall 2023
First Public Commons in The US
Great Ponds, Massachusetts in 1641
First “highways” in The US
Navigable waterways
Pre-Civil War Painter who specialized in Native American portraits
George Catlin
What event pushed people North from the Cumberland Mountains and Plateau region?
The Great Flood of 1929
What two dates led to the stock market crash and The Great Depression?
Black Thursday on October 24, 1929 and Black Tuesday on October 29, 1929
What is a run on the bank?
When many clients withdraw their money from a bank, because they believe the bank may fail in the near future. The FDIC was created afterwards to help prevent this in the future by insuring your balance in the bank.
What organization was created from FDR’s 1st New Deal and was structured in a military style for young men?
The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was formed in 1933 and the men were paid $30 per month, 25 dollars of which were sent home to their family.
What organization was created from FDR’s 2nd New Deal and was targeted to older men who were craftsmen
The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was formed in 1935 with an average pay of $52.50 a month
Name a CCC or WPA project in Tennessee
CCC: Pickett CCC Memorial State Park, Fall Creek Falls State Park, Cumberland Mountain State Park, Norris Dam State Park, Big Ridge State Park, etc. WPA: Fort Negley, community house in Sparta, airports in Cookeville, Lebanon, Jackson, Chattanooga, Knoxville, Nashville, and Memphis. Memphis also had many projects like: digging ditches, painting buildings, resurfacing sidewalks, Crump Stadium, the city zoo, a juvenile court building, a new hospital, and several housing developments.
Name the major reason why The Fall Creek Falls National Recreation Demonstration Project did not become a National Park
The water level fluctuations which caused the main attraction waterfalls to almost dry up
What were some recommendations from the NPS Committee at Fall Creek Falls?
Change the name to “Cane Creek Gorge,” acquire more land to protect the entire watershed, or make Fall Creek Falls a State Park instead
What was Fall Creek Falls State Park’s first name?
Fall Creek Falls National Recreation Demonstration Project of 1935
What are the four eras of Native American history in order from earliest occurrence to closer to our modern time?
Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian
When was Big Bone Cave active with Native Americans?
about 2,200 years ago (Woodland Period)
What are examples of diseases the Native Americans had from Big Bone Cave?
Pinworms, Hookworms, Giardia
Name two crops that were found in the stomachs of the natives in Big Bone Cave
sunflowers, gourds, etc
What war saw the most mining from Big Bone Cave in Van Buren County, Tennessee?
The War of 1812 for saltpeter (the cave was discovered in 1810, with the giant ground sloth skeleton, where it gets its name from, discovered in 1811)
What is NAGPRA?
Since 1990, The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act has provided for the repatriation and disposition of certain Native American human remains, funerary objects, sacred objects, and objects of cultural patrimony to lineal descendants. This applies to federal agencies and agencies receiving federal funds.
Why is a SCORP required?
The Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan outlines priorities and serves as a guide for all public outdoor recreation in urban and rural neighborhoods, cities, and regions for our state. Each state must prepare a SCORP every five years to be eligible for funding from the Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF).
Beginning in 2001 The State Wildlife Grant (SWG) program from Congress addresses important wildlife issues that have traditionally been underfunded and to “keep common species common.” The SWG program is now the core program for preventing endangered species listings. In order to receive funds each state must…?
Develop a “Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy,” popularly known as a State Wildlife Action Plan (SWAP)
What state level conservation fund is extremely important in Tennessee?
The Real Estate Transfer Fee. Which is 37 cents for every $100 of the property sale price (but transfer taxes cannot exceed 100,000 dollars). Typically paid by the buyer. The tax gets paid to the local government, who use it for whatever the town may need (including maintaining parks).
On September 2, 1940 FDR dedicated The Great Smoky Mountains National Park (the most visited National Park today!) to the people, the dedication was commemorated with a monument on the state line between North Carolina and Tennessee, near Newfound Gap, to whom?
The Rockefeller Family donated 5 million dollars that helped purchase the land for the park. The inscription reads, “For the permanent enjoyment of the people. This park was given one-half by the peoples and states of North Carolina and Tennessee and by the United States of America, and one-half in memory of Laura Spelman Rockefeller by the Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial, founded by her husband John D. Rockefeller.”
What was the first National Military Park that was created in 1890?
Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park
In 1896 Congress authorized The War Department (current Department of Defense) to utilize Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park as a training location for active military maneuvers. Between 1896 and 1945, thousands of American soldiers trained for: The Spanish-American War, World War I, and World War II. What item from this period was moved to Fall Creek Falls?
A lookout tower that was originally constructed sometime between 1865-1895 for the dedication of the Chickamauga Battlefield. It was moved between 1941-1944 for use as a fire tower. It was one of five observation towers used between 1895 and 1935 for military observers who watched Tennessee Militia exercises. Now it is the last of those 5 still standing.
What was the first National Park?
Yellowstone National Park, which was established by President Ulysses S. Grant in 1872
Who was commissioned to oversee the management of National Parks before the National Park Service was created
The U.S. Army
When was the National Park Service created?
In the Organic Act of 1916
What waterfall is located on property owned by the Van Buren County Board of Education? James Taft, a local supporter for the creation of Fall Creek Falls State Park, was essential in this procurement.
Little Falls
What is the fungal disease that had decimated bat populations in The United States over the past 20 years?
White-nose syndrome. Caused by the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, which colonizes the bat's skin. No obvious treatment or means of preventing transmission is known. First recorded in 2006 in New York.
What is one way TWRA has attempted to prevent the spread of White-nose syndrome?
Closing caves
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Flashcard