Mechanics of Breathing

when the volume of a given quantity of gas increases, its pressure decreases

When the volume of a given quantity of gas increases, its pressure _________

When pressure within the lungs is lower than the atmospheric pressure, air ________the lungs

controls the rib cage allows it to expand and raise rib cage

located under the lungs helps perform respiration through contractions

contraction of the diaphragm making it more flat increases volume and decreases pressure of lungs

relaxation of intercostal muscles diaphragm relaxes and moves up intercostal muscles move the ribs down causing volume in lungs to decrease and pressure increases

lung volume representing the normal volume of air during inhalation and exhalation

The maximum amount of air that can be expired after a forceful maximum inspiration

Tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume = _________________

additional air taken in above tidal inhalation

additional air that can be forced out beyond regular tidal exhalation

normal breathing per minute

_____ controls breathing rate

Senses the CO2 levels, and when it increases, a signal is sent to lungs and diaphragm to increase breathing rate

what does the prefix "hypo" mean?

occurs when ventilation is inadequate to perform needed gas exchange increased amount of CO2 signals for shallow and slow breathing

over breathing decreased CO2 in the blood

since blood plasma can only carry some oxygen and to help the blood carry oxygen, they use ______________

a hemoglobin is a protein composed of (#) polypeptide chains and (#) organic compounds

organic compounds in a hemoglobin are called ______ _______

at the centre of the heme group is an atom of _____ which can bind to one molecule of oxygen

each hemoglobin can carry (#) oxygen molecules

Hemoglobin links up with oxygen in the lungs forming _____________ Bright red in colour

As the blood passes through capillaries, it releases some oxygen becoming _______________________ dark red colour

Vessels that carry oxygenated blood are depicted as ___

vessels that carry deoxygenated blood are depicted as ____

(#%) of removed CO2 in the blood is dissolved in plasma

(#%) of CO2 is bound to hemoglobin on the protein portion, not the heme group so there is no competition for the oxygen spots

(#%) of CO2 is diffused into red blood cells and reaction turns it into carbonic acid and diffused out