AP government unit 1-4 tests

What are republics?

representative democracies

In a_________ system, local and regional governments derive authority from the national government.

Federal

_____ is the right of a state to declare law void.

Nullification

Which of the following public policies would social conservatives be most likely to support?

overturning Roe v. Wade

WHat was the greatest fear of Anti-Federalists during the Constitutional Convention and subsequent debate?

that a strong national government would infringe on the essential liberties of the people

The colonists rebelled against the unilateral imposition by the British government.

taxes

In an oligarchy, rule is by

the few

One benefit of the federal system is the ability of the states to operate as _______ for new ideas

Laboratories

Article 1, section 8 of the Constitution contains which powers of Congress?

Enumerated

What clause requires states to return criminals to states where they have been convicted or are on trial?

Extradition

What is the principle that each branch of the federal government has the means to thwart or influence actions by other branches of government?

Checks and Balances

The _______ proposed proportional representation in both the House of Representatives and the Senate.

Virginia Plan

What is an unfunded mandate?

when the federal government creates programs without providing sufficient funds

How many amendments have been made to the constitution since its ratification?

twenty-seven

WHich function of government provides for police protection?

ensuring domestic tranquility

Prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment, how were senators elected?

by state governments

At the constitutional Convention, the delegates agreed that slaves would be counted as ________ of a person for determining population for representation in the House of Representatives.

three-fifths

What is true about liberals?

They generally favor government intervention to promote equality

What is an enumerated power of the national government

control over money supply

What is an implied power of the federal government

creating banks

The ____ Amendment says that those powers not given to the federal government and not prohibited to the states by the Constitution are reserved for the states and the people.

Tenth

________ powers are shared by the federal and state governments

Concurrent

The “Intolerable Acts” was the colonists name for the ______ Acts of 1774.

Coercive

Who favored a strong national government and supported the proposed U.S Constitution.

Federalists

Which clause in the Constitution ensures that judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in another.

Full Faith and Credit

Under the system created by the Framers, the national and state governments share power and derive all authority from_______

the people

What Article specifies the procedure for amending the Constitution

Article V

How does the Preamble to the Constitution begin

“We the People”

How many constitutions has the untied states had in its history.

two

Americans faith in the institutions of the united states has ______

Generally decreased

What remains a compelling source for determining the intent of the Framers?

The Federalist Papers

What can be found in Article 1?

necessary and proper clause

The Articles of Confederation required ______ consent from the states for ratification

two-thirds

The principal goals of the American Revolution was

Liberty

The arrangement by which individuals gain power through competition for the people’s vote is called

Representative democracy

Among those who were conspicuously absent from the Constitutional Convention were

Thomas Jefferson and Patrick Henry

An amendment can be proposed by

either a two-thirds of both houses of Congress or a national convention called by Congress at the request of two-thirds of the states

If the United States were operating today under the Articles of Confederation, issues such as the effect of acid rain on the environment would be handled by

The individual states

A categorical grant is a transfer of federal funds designed for

specific purposes

_____ is a good example of Congressional casework.

Assistance to a constituent in obtaining a Social Security check

The true leader of the Senate is the _________, elected by the majority party.

majority leader

How might a bill become law if it has been pocket vetoed?

The bill must be reintroduced in the next session of Congress

In the House of Representatives, the ________ decides who will speak on the floor, and rules on the points of order.

the Speaker

_______ committees exist in both the House and Senate, may be temporary or permanent, and usually have a forced responsibility.

select/special

________ is the process of allocating seats to each state according to its proportion of the population.

Apportionment

What is the typical trajectory of a bill in the House of Representatives?

introduction, committee referral, subcommittee, full committee report, rules committee, full House vote, conference committee, send to president

“Pork” legislation may aid the district of a member of Congress by _______

increasing jobs and revenue with federally funded projects

What best explains the overwhelming advantage incumbents possess in seeking reelection over opposition candidates?

name recognition, access to media, and franking privilege

Charged with the responsibility to _____, the _________ is almost certainly the most powerful committee in either chamber of Congress

grant and set procedural rules, House Committee on Rules

A _________ is a special committee created to reconcile differences in bills passed by the House and Senate.

conference committee

What demonstrates the Founders desire to insulate the Senate from popular displeasure?

terms of six years, with one-third of seats open for election every two years

Each state has _______ senators elected every ______ years.

two, six

Which is true of the House of Representatives?

Members are elected every two years and apportioned to states based on population.

One example of the Framers’ intent to insulate the Senate from the tyranny of the majority was to ______

have members appointed by their respective state legislatures

How have Americans rated members of Congress in recent years?

Individual members of Congress rate slightly higher than congress as a whole, but approval ratings are at an all time low

What occurs during the appropriations process?

Congress grants funds to federal agencies and programs

Which is an example of logrolling in Congress?

supporting a bill in exchange for support of one’s own bill

This individual keeps close contact with all members of his or her party, counts votes for key legislation prepares summaries of bills, and acts as a communications link within the party.

majority/minority whip

The president pro tempore__________

Members of Congress differ from the larger American population in they are disproportionately _________

White, upper-middle-class, middle-aged and male

What best represents the trend of party polarization over the last three decades?

Party polarization has increased as bipartisanship has decreased

The constitutional Convention resulted in what form of legislature?

bicameral

__________ is the only formal method for a filibuster, and requires the approval of ________ senators

cloture and sixty

Congressional whips serve what main function?

persuade party members to toe the party line

Article 1 section. 8 of the U.S constitution confers of Congress of all of the following powers except

the power to veto bills

Which of the following statements about revenue bills is correct

They must originate in the House

One important effect of Bicameralism is that it

balances large and small states

The Framers sought to prevent legislative tyranny by

dividing power among the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary

A bill can be introduced in Congress by

any member of congress

When a bill passes the House and Senate in substantially different forms, the difference are resolved in

a conference committee

If a House bill has just been reported out of committee and its sponsor is worried that floor amendments will substantially change it, he or she would most likely to request an

closed rule from the Rules Committee

A basic difference between a parliament such a Great Britain’s and U.S Congress is that

Congress does not select a president

A bill that has many nongermane amendments tacked on is called a

Christmas - tree-bill

In terms of the composition of its membership, the House since 1950 has become

less male and less white

How did the Pendleton Act reform the system of hiring and firing federal employees

it required hiring and firing decisions to be based on merit rather than partisan loyalty

How is the vice presidential vacancy filled?

The president appoints a new vice president, to be approved by congress

What has to happen in Congress before the president can be impeached

The house can impeach the president by a simple majority, the Senate needs a two-thirds majority

Who has the role of breaking a tie in the Senate

vice president

What is executive privilege

the right to keep communications confidential to the presidency

What is the main purpose served by government corporations

providing profit for the federal government

What is an example of the rally-round-the-flag effect

George W. Bush popularity was boosted following the 9/11 terrorist attacks

What role does a president play when celebrating a national holiday

Head of state

Which presidential power is balanced by required approval of the Senate with a two-thirds vote?

negotiating treaties with other nations

In which institutional resources are leaders both appointed by the president and approved by the Senate

The Cabinet

What best describes the president’s constitutional duty to Congress

The president must give Congress an occasional update on the state of the union

What was a consequence of the spoils, or patronage, system

The federal bureaucracy was staffed with people who lacked expertise

The Hatch Act prohibits federal employees from engaging in what activity

running for elected office

According to the Constitution how is the president supposed to be elected

election through the electoral college

why was the War Powers Resolution (1973) adopted by Congress

to limit the powers of the military-industrial complex in influencing foreign policy

Which examines the cost implications of a proposed bill?

Office of Management and Budget

How did Americans altitudes about the role of government change as a result of the Great Depression and Roosevelt’s New Deal?

people became more accepting of the federal government’s role in economic policy

_______ refers to the authority of administrators in the federal bureaucracy to make choices concerning the best way to implement policies.

Discretion

The _________ is the departments, agencies , and offices within the executive branch that perform the functions of government

bureaucracy

President with high levels of _________ have an easier time influencing Congress, while those with low levels find influencing Congress more difficult.

public approval

Under the spoils system, who was awarded jobs in the federal bureaucracy?

those who helped candidates win election

What best describes the presidents influence over agency budgets?

the president influences the initial budget proposal, but depends on Congress for appropriations of federal money

What best describes contemporary relationship between presidents and Congress?

They are generally antagonisitc

Historically, vice-president candidates are chosen to __________.

politically balance the ticket

What became an official presidential qualification in 1951?

a maximum of two terms

Whis presidential power gives the president the ability to control what happens inside departments and agencies during their terms and to shape the federal judiciary far into the future?

Appointment