AP Government Unit 5

presidential advisory board established in 1947. The NSC consults with the president on matters of defense and foreign policy

executive branch office responsible for drawing up the president's proposals for the federal budget. Has great power because it can allocate money to departments

In response to 9/11; authorized broad police powers

social insurance programs that allocate federal funds to all people who meet the conditions of the program, they are a form of mandatory spending so it is incredibly difficult to cut funds during the budgetary process (Social Security largest and most expensive one)

shared program between federal and state governments providing medical care for low-income families

program that provides medical care for people over 65 and disabled individuals receiving Social Security

government corporations are revenue-generating that are operated by the federal government ie. Amtrak or Postal Service

set budget reduction targets to balance budget but failed to eliminate loopholes

President Lyndon B. Johnson's social/economic program, aimed at raising the standard of living for America's poorest residents (Medicare, Medicaid, Project Head Start, Job Corps, and VISTA)

(aka public policy) consists of laws that the government establishes to regulate and govern within the borders of the United States

the policies of the Federal Reserve to control the economy

government taxing and spending decisions

twelve-month period starting on October 1, government budgets go into effect at the beginning of this and a budget resolution is agreed upon in April to guide government spending for the coming fiscal year

increases tax rates for people with higher income to allow those with greater need to keep more of what they earn while taking more form those who can best afford it

executive agency that is largely responsible for the formulation and implementation of monetary policy

a regulatory agency responsible for preventing fraud in the marketplace and preventing price fixing and deceptive advertising

consists of the laws and procedures the U.S. government establishes to safeguard national interest while advancing international goals

condition that arises when federal expenditures exceed revenues; when the government spends more money than it takes in

set of budget guidelines that must pass both houses of Congress in identical form by April 15, it guides government spending for the following fiscal year

government spending in the current budget cycle that exceeds government revenue

international organization established following World War II, aims to preserve international peace and foster international cooperation

those programs of President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society that were specifically aimed at assisting the poor

executive agency responsible for enforcing laws pertaining to a certain industry, the agency writes guidelines for the industry, such as safety codes, and enforces them through methods such as inspection

a determination to see if someone is eligible for government assistance based on possessions

A step in policy making process; identifies social and economic issues then redefines them as political issues and then ranks them by importance

foreign policy started by Nixon which involved easing tensions with other countries

works to reduce unfair trade practices

position of authority that allows the office-holder the power to speak out on any subject

Controversial 2000 election case that made the final decision on the Florida recounts, thus determining the election results. Decided on party lines 5-4

method of hiring federal employees based on merit rather than on political beliefs or allegiances (replaced spoils system)

issued by FDR and resulted in the internment of Japanese American and German American citizens for the duration of the war

policy that the US has every right to attack states that have weapons of mass destruction that may be used against American interests

a congressional law that forbade government officials from participating in partisan politics and protected government employees from being fired on partisan grounds; it was revised in 1993 to be less restrictive

Court held that it was constitutional for federal government to withhold federal highway funds from states for not raising drinking age to 21

act passed in response to the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, granting broad police authority to the federal, state, and local governments to interdict, prosecute, and convict suspected terrorists