World War 2

Facism

Totalitarianism

Nazism

A diplomatic policy of making political, material, or territorial concessions to an aggressive power to avoid conflict.

• 1935-Outlawed arms sales to nations at war

• 1936- Extension of 1935 ban, additionally banned loans to nations at war

• 1937- Continued ban on arms sales, all non-military goods must be purchased “cash and carry” (Pay for non-military goods now in cash, assume all shipping risk)

• 1939-Permitted cash and carry to include weapons

The pact was signed in 1939 between Germany and the Soviet Union, agreeing not to attack each other and to divide Poland

Lend-Lease Act

FDR and Winston Churchill issued in August in 1941. It was a statement that set out American and British goals for the world after WW2.

Holocaust

Kristallnacht

Executive Order 9066 ordered the expulsion of all persons of Japanese descent from West Coast to camps. Many men “volunteered” to fight in the war.

Consisted of a two-part system of camps to round up Jews and other “undesirables”. They were sent to labor camps where Jews worked as slaves until they dropped dead of exauhstion, and those unable to work were sent to death camps where they were then executed.

Their job was to direct priorities and production goals.

Called for a march in Washington, D.C. and informed FDR. Tried to pressure the president into making changes in segregation. As a result, executive order 8802 was created, bringing the first civil rights organization since reconstruction.

Korematsu v. United States (1944)

Germany, Italy, and Japan.

United States, Great Britain, and Soviet Union.

June 6, 1944. Britain, United States, and Canada landed in Normandy in Northern France. The Allies freed France, Belgium, and Luxemburg.

Aryans are superior, Eastern Europeans are inferior

Internationalism

antisemitic and racist laws in Nazi Germany that deprived Jews of their rights, citizenship, and prohibited marriage between Jews and non-Jews.

Where Jews would work as slave laborers for Nazi war machine until they dropped dead of exauhstion, disease, or malnutrition.

Usually attached to concentration camps. Jews unable to work were sent here to be executed.

• Women's Army Auxiliary Corps

• Established in 1942 during WWII

• Allowed women to serve in non-combat roles

• Later became the Women's Army Corps (WAC)

Cost Plus Contracts

Made loans to companies who wanted to convert their operations to war production.

They faced discrimination

Encouraged young black men to support double victory:

• Victory over racism at home

• Victory over Hitler’s racism

Franklin Delano Roosevelt allowed for African Americans to serve in combat roles, kept segregation

The Navajo Codetalkers were Native American Marines who used their language to create an unbreakable code during World War II.

They were the highest participatory group in the war

Zoot Suit Riots

Hitler targeted United States East Coat, the goal was to prevent supplies from travelling from U.S. to Allies

Allies met at Soviet embassy and reached several agreements

Code named “Operation Overload”, 1 singular D-day. On June 6,1944 Britain, U.S., and Canada landed in Normandy, freed France, Belgium, and Luxemburg.

Turning point. June4-7 1942. U.S. cracked the Japanese code and located the Japanese fleet, the Japanese suffered major losses. As a result, U.S. began island hopping

First Japanese defeat on land

Suicide missions that sunk 16 ships and damaged 80 others

Last German offensive on Western front, an unsuccessful attempt to divide the Allied forces and prevent an invasion of Germany. Both sides suffered losses.

Hitler wanted the oil source from the Soviet Union City of Stalingrad, Germans prepared for an attack; but were ultimately defeated by the Soviets as they were more accustomed to the cold conditions.

The Soviets invaded Berlin from three different directions, and eventually completely surrounded Berlin. Hitler ended up killing himself after this.

May 8th Eisenhower accepted the surrender of the Germans

Last stop from island hopping to get to Japan

Top secret project that the U.S. government launched to develop an atomic bomb as they feared the Germans would develop an atomic bomb.

First successful test of a nuclear device

Nazi German and Japanese leaders were put on trial for their war crimes

Before Hitler invaded Poland he wanted to secure an alliance with the Soviet Union. He wanted an Ally against Britain and France, and Stalin wanted the capitalist nations to turn on each other. Part of the agreement was to divide Poland between Germany and the USSR.