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Angina
Reduced blood flow to heart
Squeezing, pressure, tightness in chest
Atherosclerosis
Plaque in artery wall → occlusion
Myocardial Infarction
Heart attack
heart muscle dies from lack of blood/oxygen
from plaque or clots
Stenosis
Narrowing
from calcification (narrow and stiffens) or over years
Patent Foramen Ovale
Hole between atria
at birth
typically closes due to pressure of blood
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
not enough blood pumped to support body
Systolic Heart Failure
weak ventricles, thin walls
blood may stay in ventricl and not get pumped to body
Diastolic Heart Failure
Stiff thickened ventricle, doesn’t relax properly between heartbeats
ventricle cannot fill with blood to pump to body
Sudden Cardiac Arrest
irregular heart rhythm → lose heart activity
Congenital
Abnormality present at birth
ie
congenital heart disease, valve defects, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, eisenmengar syndrome
Congenital Heart Disease
abnormality before birth
due to genes typically
hole in heart, defective valves
valve defects
missing leaflets, regurgitation, stenosis, atresia
at birth
atrial septal defects
hole in wall between upper chambers
at birth
ventricular septal defects
hole in wall between lower chambers
at birth
eisenmengar syndrome
irregular blood flow to heart and lungs → blood vessels stiff and narrow
→ pulmonary arterial hypertension (high bp in lungs)
from unrepaired hole
at birth
bacterial endocarditis
infections → bacteria clumps on valves → infection into blood stream and spreads
damage from blocked blood vessels (clot lodge and reduce blood flow)
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
mutation → heart muscle thicken
LV not take in or pump out enough blood
among us
Note
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