Chapter 6: The Human Population and Its Impact

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Births

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28 Terms

1

Births

Fertility

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2

Deaths

Morality

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3

Crude birth rate

live births/1000/year

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4

Crude death rate

deaths/1000/year

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5

Fertility rate

Number of children born to a woman during her lifetime

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6

Replacement-level fertility rate

The average number of children a couple must have to replace themselves

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7

Total fertility rate (TFR)

average number of children born to a women

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8

Life expectancy

The average number that an individual is likely to live

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9

Infant mortality rate

Number of live births that die in the first year

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10

Demographic transition

First death rate decline and then the birth rate declines

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11

Preindustrial

The population grows slowly and has a high death and birth rate

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12

Transitional

The population grows rapidly and the birth rate is high

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13

Industrial

Population growth slows as both birth and death rates drop because of improved food production, health, and education

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14

Postindustrial

Population growth levels off and then declines as birth rates equal and the fall below death rates

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15

Cultural carrying capacity

the number and type of a given species that people will tolerate over time

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16

Population change

(births + immigration) – (deaths + emigration)

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17

Crude birth rate

The number of live birth's per 1,000 people in a population in a given year

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18

Crude death rate

The number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population in a given year

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19

Fertility rate

Number of children born to a woman during her lifetime

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20

Replacement-level fertility rate

The average number of children a couple must have to replace themselves

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21

Infant mortality rate

Number of live births that die in the first year

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22

Preindustrial

The population grows slowly and has a high death and birth rate.

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23

Transitional

The population grows rapidly and the birth rate is high. Death rate drops.

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24

Industrial

Population growth slows as both birth and death rates drop because of improved food production, health, and education

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25

Postindustrial

Population growth levels off and then declines as birth rates equal and the fall below death rates

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26

Demographic transition

First death rate declines and then the birth rate declines.

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27

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

The average number of children born to women in a population during their reproductive years.

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28

Family Planning

Provides educational and clinical services that help couples choose how many children they want to have and when to have them

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