dammed be the future of humanity

Large population centers, Monumental architecture and unique art styles, Shared communication strategies, Systems for administering territories, A complex division of labor, The division of people into social and economic classes

Large population centers, or urban areas, allow civilizations to develop, although people who live outside these urban centers are still part of that region’s civilization. Rural residents of civilizations may include farmers, fishers, and traders, who regularly sell their goods and services to urban residents.

All civilizations work to preserve their legacy by building large monuments and structures. This is as true today as it was thousands of years ago. For example, the ancient monuments at Great Zimbabwe are still consistently used as a symbol of political power in the modern nation of Zimbabwe.

Shared communication may include spoken language; alphabets; numeric systems; signs, ideas, and symbols; and illustration and representation. Shared communication allows the infrastructure necessary for technology, trade, cultural exchange, and government to be developed and shared throughout the civilization. Ex. Written language

All civilizations rely on government administration—bureaucracy.

This means that different people perform specialized tasks. In a purely agricultural society, members of the community are largely self-sufficient, and can provide food, shelter, and clothing for themselves. In a complex civilization, farmers may cultivate one type of crop and depend on other people for other foods, clothing, shelter, and information.

Civilizations that depend on trade are specially marked by divisions of labor. The city of Timbuktu, in what is now Mali, was an important trading center for several African civilizations. Residents of Timbuktu specialized in trading such goods as gold, ivory, or slaves. Other residents provided food or shelter for trade caravans traveling on camels from the Sahara Desert. The urban center of Timbuktu was also a center of learning. Its division of labor included not only merchants, but doctors, religious leaders, and artists.

A complex idea that can be broken down into two parts: income and type of work performed.

Usually, all three elements must be present for a civilization to grow and remain stable for a long period of time. Those elements are...

Trade

Conflict

Exploration and Innovation

Internal change, External pressure, Environmental collapse

Population dynamics --> may grow or sink

Foreign invasion which can be physical conflicts or ideological influences.

Natural disasters and misuse of the environment contributed to the decline of many civilizations.

The author and the five other women were Tutsis, which at the time were being targeted in a genocide conducted by Hutus. In order to not be caught by the Hutus they hid in a bathroom.

The pastor told the women that they had been seen at the pastor's house and are now suspected of staying there. The mob was specifically searching the house for them. Ilbagiza did not know the whereabouts of her family. Her last memory of them was her house burning down as her father left on a motorcycle.

The pastor was a strange man, whether he pitied or cared about the women was unknown. In my opinion, the latter seems more logical. Why else would the pastor be willing to sacrifice his safety for these people? The pastor told them he would hate to see the killers get them, as he knew “what they would do”.

If one gives up on their will to live, they are finished. Without faith, during the two days without water, they may as well have closed their eyes and died. Not only that but keeping mentally sound in such a horrific event is a feat only one with strong determination. Such determination can be found in religion. Illbigiza relied on God to keep from letting herself give in to despair and lose hope. That hope let her keep going even after the genocide.

Haidara reached to many people, going as far to send 100 letters to different countries for funding. Eventually, through his connections he was able to find someone

Haidara had to overcome the obstacle of temptation. He had the choice to sell all the records, however, he refused, hating the idea of the work being used for politics.

Majority of the world's impression of those in Africa were those of unintelligent animals, unable to write or read. However, those records would prove the country had a culture and history. It would tell the world they were human as well.

One major difference is their appearance. Another large factor is their culture and attitude to elders.

For appearance, an example would be the children's clothes, their shoes, their skin color, or even the way they do their hair as seen with Debbie. Their culture also gives the adults the most control. If they had cursed at their parents like other children, that "would have gotten them knocked out of their own culture."

The Ihedigbo family often attended Nigerian gatherings as to connect to others in the community and practice traditions that relate to their heritage. These affairs allowed the children to a have a place to belong and know their roots.