Period 2 Terms - APUSH

Def: A joint stock enterprise that King James I chartered in 1606. The company was to spread Christianity in the New World as well as find ways to make a profit in it

Sig: Tasked with creating a profitable settlement in the colony of Virginia. Created Jamestown

Def: A swashbuckling soldier of fortune with rare powers of leadership and self-promotion, he was appointed to the resident council to manage Jamestown.

Sig: His leadership and strict discipline helped the Virginia colony get through the difficult first winter.

Def: (Second Lord Baltimore) created Maryland colony that would be a haven for Catholics in America.

Sig: Established and managed Maryland

Def: Founded Maryland, a colony which offered religious freedom, and a refuge for the persecuted Roman Catholics.

Sig: Noted for the founding of Maryland

Def: Puritan who believed that the purity of the church required a complete separation between church and state and freedom from coercion in matters of faith.

Sig: In 1636, he established the town of Providence, the first permanent settlement in Rhode Island and the first to allow religious freedom in America.

Def: She preached the idea that God communicated directly to individuals instead of through the church elders. She was forced to leave Massachusetts in 1637.

Sig: Her followers ( Antinomianists) founded the colony of New Hampshire in 1639.

Def: American colony founded by Roger Williams

Sig: First American colony to allow religious freedom

Def: Allowed baptized children of church members to be admitted to a "halfway" membership in the church and secure baptism for their own children in turn, but allowed them neither a vote in the church, nor communion.

Sig: It lessened the difference between the "elect" members of the church from the regular members

Def: George Fox founded the Quaker religion in 1647. They rejected the use of formal sacraments and ministry, refused to take oaths and embraced pacifism.

Sig: Fleeing persecution, they settled and established the colony of Pennsylvania. Promoted equal rights amongst everyone in their colony.

Def: A Quaker that founded Pennsylvania to establish a place where his people and others could live in peace and be free from persecution.

Sig: Founder of Pennsylvania

Def: leaves of the tobacco plant dried and prepared for smoking or ingestion

Sig: Cash crop that made a profit and was the source of income for many colonies

Def: The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in East Virginia

Sig: First permanent English settlement in North America

Def: Puritan Separatists who broke completely with the Church of England and sailed to the New World aboard the Mayflower, founding Plymouth Colony on Cape Cod in 1620.

Sig: Founded the 2nd successful colony in North America - Plymouth Colony

Def: King Charles gave the Puritans a right to settle and govern a colony in the Massachusetts Bay area.

Sig: The colony established political freedom and a representative government.

Def: A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. They came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay.

Sig: Founded and settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony

Def: Puritan leader and Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony who resolved to use the colony as a refuge for persecuted Puritans and as an instrument of building a "wilderness Zion" in America.

Sig: Puritan leader who became the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

Def: A legal contract in which they agreed to have fair laws to protect the general good

Sig: the first governing document of Plymouth Colony

Def: representative colony set up by England to make laws and levy taxes but England could veto its legislative acts.

Sig: the first elected legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia in 1619

Def: A colony owned by an individual, rather than a joint-stock company

Sig: Private landowners get rights that are usually reserved for the state

Def: A system in which goods and slaves were traded among the Americas, Britain, and Africa

Sig: Interconnected those areas of the globe forever

Def: A nationalistic program that assumed that the total amount of the world's gold and silver remained essentially fixed with only a nation's share of that wealth subject to change

Sig: Colonies were able to provide raw materials for the parent country

Def: Laws that governed trade between England and its colonies. Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England.

Sig: These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.

Def: A rebellion lead by Nathaniel Bacon with backcountry farmers to attack Native Americans in an attempt to gain more land

Sig: One of the first revolts against Britain

Def: Metacom resented English efforts to convert Indians to Christianity and waged a war against the English colonists in which he was killed.

Sig: Many villages were destroyed and a large number of people perished. Ended most Native American resistance in New England.

Def: Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years

Sig: Provided a stable work force for the colonies

Def: A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies

Sig: Brought profit to the colonies; detrimental to the African slaves as many died due to the harsh conditions

Def: Virginia offered land to any immigrant who could find a way to come to the Americas

Sig: Attract more people to come to the colonies; stable work force

Def: Widely read annual pamphlet edited by Benjamin Franklin

Sig: Best known for its proverbs and aphorisms emphasizing thrift, industry, morality, and common sense.

Def: A revival of religious feeling in the American colonies during the 1730s and 1750s

Sig: Democratizing effect on the people as the need for ministers diminished

Def: Preacher during the First Great Awakening; "Sinners in the hands of angry god"

Sig: Generated a fervent response amongst the people in the colonies; important figure of the Great Awakening

Def: Stated that God was all-powerful and would save only those who openly professed belief in Jesus Christ

Sig: Spread the Great Awakening; argued that ministers weren't necessary to understand the gospels or to lead people

Def: Journalist who questioned the policies of the governor of New York in the 1700's and as a result went to court

Sig: His court case was the basis for our freedom of speech and press. He was found not guilty.

Def: A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason to understand and solve issues

Sig: Separating power from the state and religion; certain ideas such as "natural rights" (every human was born w/ certain rights) became popular as well as that power rested w/ the people