USHIS Chapter 6

What are the 7 principles of government

What is the Bill of Rights? Why was it added to the Constitution?

Who is the Father of the Constitution? Why is he called that?

What are the 3 parts of the Constitution?

What is the purpose of the Preamble?

Who are the 5 Enlightenment thinkers

What is Hobbes’ contribution to the Constitution?

What is Locke’s contribution to the Constitution?

What is Montesquieu’s contribution to the Constitution?

What is Rousseau’s contribution to the Constitution?

What is Voltaire’s contribution to the Constitution?

An official approval

The idea that political authority belongs to the people

The power of government is limited by the Constitution, and each branch is limited in what it can do; Everyone must obey the law

Principle of government that divides the powers of the government into 3 branches

A system that prevents any branch of government from becoming too powerful by allowing each branch certain checks on the others

A system of government in which power is distributed between the national government and the state governments

Principle of government based on the belief that people exercise their political power by voting for representatives

Personal liberties and privileges of citizens located in the Bill of Rights

Official changes to the Constitution

“Necessary and proper” clause; Article I Section 8; Grants Congress the power to create laws needed to address new or unexpected issues

What judges were supposed to be; outside politics; not involved/interested in politics

Article IV says that people have control of their government through these…

Type of legislature proposed by the Great Compromise that we still have today

Sets forth the goals of the nation; Introduction to the US Constitution

Amendments 4 + 5; “You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law…”

Group of rights taken from other rights directly protected in the Bill of Rights; created by the 1st + 4th +5th + 9th amendments

Can’t be tried for the same crime twice

Powers shared by the federal and state governments

Powers exercised exclusively by the federal government

Powers exercised exclusively by the state governments

To make a formal request of the government

To cancel

National Republicans

Know-Nothing Party

Northern Democrats

Southern Democrats

Federalists

Democratic-Republicans

Jacksonian Democrats

National Republicans

Whigs

Know-Nothing Party

Free Soil Party

Republican Party

Northern Democratic Party

Southern Democratic Party

Promoted government by wealthy, like strong national government, supported by business people, supporters of industry, banking, and manufacturing, favored a British alliance, used Elastic Clause to expand the power of government

Liked small national government and strong state government, wanted the government to save money (fiscally conservative), Supporters of average Americans →Farmers, Strict interpretation of the Constitution, Favored alliance with France

Liked small, limited government, opposed tariffs (southern), supported the common man →democracy so more white men could vote

supported former federalist ideas like… strong national government, building public works projects = roads, canals, etc.

Founded in opposition to Jacksonian Democrats + National Republicans, promoted banking and protected tariffs to help businesses grow, disliked by farmers, liked by businessmen, favored a weak president + strong congress

1850s, focused on anti-immigration = made it hard for foreigners to hold office and become citizens, against having catholics and immigrants in government, supported traditional religious and political views = protestant

1848, wanted to keep slavery in the east and maintain free soil in the west, anti-slavery northerners who supported the Wilmot Proviso (1846) → attempt to ban slavery in newly acquired territory from Mexico, Lincoln begins his career in this party

1854: Northern Whigs and Free Soilers joined together to make this party, anti-slavery in the west, pro-railroad + pro-education, wanted equal rights for African Americans

Split the Democratic Party in the election of 1860 →guaranteed Lincoln the win, Main stance = wanted to allow Popular Sovereignty in debate over slavery in the territories

“True Party” of the American Deep South in the 1860s, supported the protection of slavery (whole purpose), supported by Deep South in the election of 1860

Legislative Branch

Powers the Congress CAN DO

Powers Congress CANNOT DO

Executive Branch

Judiciary Branch

Relationship between the state + federal governments; Republicanism

Amendment process

The Constitution is the Supreme Law of the Land

Constitution is established once nine states of the thirteen ratify it

cancel

These commands have the power of laws

Freedom from punishments

1st African American US Supreme Court Justice + represented as a lawyer the national

Associate justice of the US Supreme Court + the 1st woman appointed to the court

“Father of the Constitution” and author of the BoR

Ideas that the greatest number of people in society can make policies for everyone

make a request of the government

order that gives authorities permission to search someone’s property

law must be fairly applied + government can’t punish anyone without it

A person can’t be tried again for the same crime

Power to take personal property to benefit the public

Outside politics;not involved/interested in politics

a group of rights taken from other rights directly protected in the BoR; 1 + 4 + 5 + 9

Powers exercised/used by the Federal government

Powers exercised/used by the State Government

Right specifically protected in the BoR

Powers exercised/used/shared by state + federal governments

Things you should do but don’t have to; necessary for democracy for work

THings citizens are required to do by law