MAIN causes of WW1
militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism
conscription
compulsory enlistment into military service.
imperialism
extending a country’s power and influence through colonisation, military force, or other means
nationalism
an extreme form of patriotism marked by a feeling of superiority over other countries
militarism
the belief that a country should maintain a strong military and be prepared to use it to aggressively defend or promote nationalist interests
alliance
a group of countries, political parties, or people who have agreed to work together because of shared interests or aims
weltpolitik
the imperialist foreign policy adopted by Germany, designed to transform Germany into a global power
Zabern affair
crisis of domestic policy in Germany at the end of 1913, caused by political unrest in Alsace-Lorraine
Schlieffen plan
a failed strategy for Germany to win WW1, outlining a strategy for Germany to avoid fighting at both eastern and western fronts simultaneously
western front
stretch of land through France and Belgium through the Swiss border to the North Sea; the decisive front for WW1
eastern front
line of fighting along the eastern border of Germany with Russia
ANZAC
Australia New Zealand Army Corps
Dardanelles
strait separating European and Asian Turkey
triple alliance
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
triple entente
France, British Empire, Russia
June 28th 1914
assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
July 28th 1914
Austria-Hungary declared war against Serbia
March 18th 1915
Allies begun to attack the Dardanelles
April 25th 1915
ANZAC troops landed in Gallipoli
July 1st 1916
Battle of the Somme begun
July 19th 1916
attack on Fromelles begun
July 23rd 1916
attack on Pozieres begun
Gallipoli Campaign - naval assault
plan to crush costal defences; force passage through the Dardanelles
Gallipoli Campaign - land invasion
ANZACs landing in Gallipoli Peninsula
Gallipoli Campaign - withdrawal
Ottomans won; ANZACs evacuate, coordinated with front-line trenches
internment
the state of being confined as a prisoner, primarily for military or political reasons
Australia's identity
forged after the events of WWI
Gallipoli
the peninsula of turkey at which the ANZACs fought
reason for Gallipoli campaign
more efficient export of goods from/to Russia from other Entente nations; quicker surrender from Turkey; securing supply route to Russia
life in the trenches
unpleasant, uncomfortable; rodents everywhere; exhausting and rough conditions
trench warfare
primary fighting style in WW1
Treaty of Versailles
armistice that officially ended WW1; blamed Germany for war, forced Germany to repay with reparations to other involved countries
Battle of the Somme
Entente forces attacked German forces in Somme Valley, France; battle ended in a stalemate
Fromelles battle
battle on the western front designed to keep German reserve forces from joining the southern offensive;
Black Hand (Црна рука)
Serbian nationalist party that killed the Archduke