Oral Com 11: Speech Acts and Communicative Competencies

________ also introduced the concept of performative utterances: statements which enable the speaker to perform something just by stating it.

According to ________ (1962), a philosopher of language and the developer of the Speech Act Theory, there are three types of acts in every utterance, given the right circumstances or context.

________ (n.d.) explained it as knowledge of non- verbal strategies to compensate for breakdowns, such as recognizing discourse structure, activating background knowledge, contextual guessing, and tolerating ambiguity.

________ means the phrase or sentence that has meaning.

It is the ________ that focuses on how people use message to generate meanings within and across various contexts and cultures.

It refers to: accuracy, ________, comprehensibility, coherence, expertise, effectiveness and.

The ________ of the act of saying something with a specific intention or illocution.

________- RECEIVER WASHING THE DISHES.

It refers to what ________ calls linguistic competence and involves the mastering of the linguistic code including vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, spelling and word formation.

A(n) ________ said by the right person under the right circumstances results in a change in the world.

________ is simply saying things which are ________ to the conversation.

A(n) ________ might contain just one word or several words or sentences.

It is a type of illocutionary act which brings a change in the ________.

It is the degree to which a communicators goals are achieved through effective and ________.

________ is that aspect of our competence that enables us to convey and interpret messages and to negotiate meanings.

To Yano (n.d.), it is the pragmatic aspect of various speech acts, namely, the cultural values, norms, and other socio- ________ in social context.

It is the ________ for the purpose of creating meaning.

________ (n.d) describes discourse competence as "the knowledge of rules regarding the cohesión (grammatical links) and coherence (appropriate combination of communicative function) of various types of discourse.

A(n) ________ is an utterance that a speaker makes to achieve an intended effect.

________ refers to "what a speaker needs to know in order to be communicatively competent in a speech community.

SAYING OF THE  WORDS

SPEAKER REQUESTS THE RECEIVER TO  WASH THE DISHES

RECEIVER WASHING THE DISHES

Do you have the ability to hand over the rice

Please pass the rice

statements which enable the speaker to perform something just by stating it

accuracy, clarity, comprehensibility, coherence, expertise, effectiveness and

A speech act is an utterance that a speaker makes to achieve an intended effect

It is the actual act of uttering.

The performance of the act of saying something with a specific intention or illocution.

It is the resulting act of what is said. This effect is based on the particular context in which the speech act was mentioned.

When a speaker does not explicitly state the intended meaning behind the utterance.

Statements which enable the speaker to perform something just by stating it.

It is a type of illocutionary act in which the speaker expresses belief about the truth of a proposition. Some examples of an assertive act are suggesting, putting forward, swearing, boasting, and concluding.

It is a type of illocutionary act in which the speaker tries to make the addressee perform an action. Some examples of a directive act are asking, ordering, requesting, inviting, advising, and begging.

It is a type of illocutionary act which commits the speaker to doing something in the future. Examples of a commissive act are promising, planning, vowing, and betting.

It is a type of illocutionary act in which the speaker expresses his/her feelings or emotional reactions. Some examples of an expressive act are thanking, apologizing, welcoming, and deploring.

It is a type of illocutionary act which brings a  change in the external situation. Simply put, declarations bring into existence or cause the state of affairs which they refer to. Some examples of declarations are blessing, firing, baptizing, bidding, passing a sentence, and excommunicating.

It is the degree to which a communicator’s goals are achieved through effective and appropriate interaction

Communicative competence is that aspect of our competence that enables us to convey and interpret messages and to negotiate meanings

It refers to: accuracy, clarity, comprehensibility, coherence, expertise, effectiveness and

appropriateness

• Linguistic /Grammatical Competence (Accuracy)

• Sociolinguistic Competence

• Discourse Competence

• Strategic Competence

It refers to what Chomsky calls linguistic competence and involves the mastering of the linguistic code including vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, spelling and word formation.

It deals with the interpretation of individual message elements and is also related to the ability for combining ideas to achieve cohesion in form and coherence in thought.

It refers to the extent to which utterances are produced and understood appropriately in different __social contexts.

It refers to the coping strategies used to start, finish, maintain or repair communication so as to overcome limitations in language knowledge.

is simply saying things which are relevant to the conversation.

involves credibility or honesty. How true and correct are we saying?

in conversations implies that we talk only of what is needed, no more, no less.

is saying things with clarity and order. Speak the truth as briefly and directly as possible to avoid ambiguity.