6th-grade science notes 

asteroid belt

The ________ is in between Mars and Jupiter and is represented by all the little dots in the picture.

Precipitation

________- is any form of water that falls back to the surface.

Ptolemy

________ was an astronomer and mathematician.

Nuclear power

________ is also considered a source of nonrenewable energy.

Chesapeake Bay

The ________ is an estuary where fresh and saltwater meet and are mixed by tides.

Abiotic factors

________ determine ecosystem type and its distribution of plants and animals as well as the usage of land by people.

Thermal

________ and radiant energy can be converted into mechanical energy, chemical energy, and electrical energy and back again.

Hydrogen

________ is also called an energy carrier.

metal core

A(n) ________ a solid middle layer and a rocky outer layer are the three main parts of the Geosphere.

mesosphere

The ________: Above the stratosphere, a drop in temperature marks the beginning of this layer.

Galileo

________ devised a telescope that could enlarge objects up to 20 times.

thermal energy

Water can absorb ________ without showing relatively large temperature changes.

Phases

________ are caused by the motions of the moon around the Earth.

Wind Speed Wind speed

________ can be measured with an anemometer.

Non frozen

________, freshwater makes up less than 1 percent of the water on Earth.

Hydrocarbons

________ are chemical compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Seasons

________ are caused by a combination of the tilt of the Earth on its axis, the curvature of the Earths surface (Revolution), and, thus, the angle at which sunlight strikes the surface of Earth during its annual revolution around the sun.

Humidity

________ is the measure of the amount of water vapor in the air.

vacuum

A(n) ________ is a place that is empty of all matter.

outermost layer

Atmosphere: ________ is a mixture of gases (mostly nitrogen and oxygen) It contains the Earths weather and is the foundation for different climates around the world.

Copernicus

________ came up with a radical way of looking at the Universe.

Fossil fuels

________- are energy- rich substances formed from the remains of organisms.

Humans

________ greatly affect the air, water, land, and life on Earth through the decisions they make each day.

Estuaries

________ perform important functions, such as providing habitat for many organisms and serving as nurseries for their young.

Wetlands

________ form the transition zone between dry land and bodies of water such as rivers, lakes, or bays.

hygrometer

A(n) ________ is an instrument to measure the amount of moisture in the air or humidity.

Biosphere

________: All parts of the earth that contain living organisms make up the ________.

Eutrophication

________- the process of nutrients building up in a lake over time.

Gravity

________ is a force that keeps the planets in motion around the sun.

Altitude

________- or elevation is the distance above sea level.

Fuel

________ is a substance that provides energy such as heat light motion or electricity.

Oxygen

________: This is the second most abundant gas in the atmosphere and makes up about 21 % of the volume.

ends of spokes

It has 3 or 4 cups mounted at the ________ that spin on an axle.

Dew point

________: The temperature at which condensation begins and forms droplets.

carbon dioxide

Plants must have ________ to produce food.

contiguous United States

It is the largest estuary in the ________ and one of the most productive.

Meteors

________: A streak of light produced when a small object burns up as it enters the Earths atmosphere.

earth system

The ________ has four main spheres they are the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the Geosphere, and the Biosphere.

Cumulus Look

________ like cotton /puffy clouds and usually indicate fair weather.

Aristotle

________ was sometimes called the grandfather of science.

Clouds

________ are important indicators of atmospheric conditions.

barometer

A(n) ________ is an instrument that is used to measure air pressure.

Tides

________ are the result of the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on the surface waters of Earth.

Potential energy

________ is not in use and is available to do work.

Stratus Clouds

________- usually form in flat layers and typically cover all or most of the sky and are dull, and gray.

Moon

The solar system consists of the Sun, ________, Earth, other planets and their ________, meteors, asteroids, and comets.

atmosphere

The ________ is made up of layers (troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere) that have distinct characteristics.

Troposphere

________- the layer of the atmosphere in which Earths weather occurs.

Nitrogen

________ makes up the largest proportion of air.

Coal

________ is the most plentiful fossil fuel in the United States.

Atmosphere

outermost layer is a mixture of gases(mostly nitrogen and oxygen) It contains the Earths weather and is the foundation for different climates around the world

Geosphere

Nearly all the earths mass is found in the earths solid rocks and metals

Hydrosphere

The Hydrosphere contains all of the Earths water

Biosphere

All parts of the earth that contain living organisms make up the biosphere

Electromagnetic Energy

in the form of energy that travels through space in waves

Chemical energy

is potential energy stored in chemical bonds

Energy Transformation

is the change of energy from one form to another

Oil

Oil is a thick, black, liquid fossil fuel

Solar Energy

Solar energy is energy from the sun

Passive Solar Heating

in passive solar system sunlight converts into heat or thermal energy

Biomass Fuels

Biomass fuels are made from living things

Water Cycle

In the water cycle, water vapor enters the atmosphere by evaporation from the oceans and vapor enters the atmosphere by evaporation from the oceans and other bodies of water and leaves by condensation

Oxygen

This is the second most abundant gas in the atmosphere and makes up about 21% of the volume

Carbon Dioxide

Makes up much less than 1% of the atmosphere but is essential to life

Troposphere

the layer of the atmosphere in which Earths weather occurs

Stratosphere

The stratosphere extends from the top of the troposphere to about 50 km above the Earths surface

The mesosphere

Above the stratosphere, a drop in temperature marks the beginning of this layer

Thermosphere

This is the outermost layer of the Earths atmosphere that extends from about 80 km above the Earths surface with no outward limit going into space

• Wind chill factor

Wind chill factor measures the increased cooling that wind can cause in the atmosphere

Local Winds

the unequal heating of the Earths surface within a small area causes local wind

The Atmosphere

Weather is the condition of Earths atmosphere at a particular time and place

Clouds

How do clouds form

Dew point

The temperature at which condensation begins and forms droplets

Cirrus

They look wispy, and feathery, and form at high altitudes

Precipitation

is any form of water that falls back to the surface

Fossil fuels

are energy-rich substances formed from the remains of organisms

Virginia Watersheds

Many rivers crisscross Virginia leaving a wealth of watersheds

Divides

A divide is a ridge of land that separates one watershed from another

Meteors

A streak of light produced when a small object burns up as it enters the Earths atmosphere

Comets

A comet is a cold mixture of dust and ice that gives up a long trail of light as it approaches the sun

Planets

A planet is an object that orbits the sun, is large enough to have become rounded by its gravity, and has cleared the area of its orbit

Eutrophication

the process of nutrients building up in a lake over time