Ap Psych Unit 7: Motivation, Emotion, and Personality

A need or desire that serves to energize and direct behavior. The why.

Why we do unlearned behavior, basic primal needs. Think survival.

Act to increase the chance of survival of self and genes (procreation).

Physiological needs create psychological drives.

Keeping a steady internal and emotional state.

Behavior is driven by a pull to external stimuli.

We do things to experience optimal levels of stimulation.

We tend to perform best at a moderate level of arousal.

Simple needs motivate first.

Hunger, thirst, warmth, etc.

Shelter, security, and feelings of safety.

Avoid loneliness, form relationships, acceptance.

Achievement, recognition, and respect.

Self-fulfillment, and being the best you can be.

All the processes that occur within the human body from cell production to your heartbeat.

Low glucose=hungry, high glucose=not hungry.

Diminishes blood glucose by storing it within fatty cells.

(Stomach) makes you hungry.

(Lateral hypothalamus) makes you hungry.

(Fat cells) make you not hungry.

(Digestive tract) makes you not hungry.

Controls hunger.

On the sides, and triggers hunger.

Lower-middle, and depresses hunger.

A particular weight that the mind tries to keep one at by triggering or suppressing hunger.

Energy used at rest/how much your body burns off.

People whose hunger is triggered by the presence of foods.

Limit food intake.

Binge and purging eating behavior.

Obsession/addiction to eating.

Being in a competitive family.

Being in a family with alcoholism or depression.

Some of the 1st research into sexual behavior. Tried to show it’s normal.

Erection and lubrication.

Excitement peaks, breathing and pulse speed up.

Full body muscle contractions, tension released.

Blood is released, and body resets.

Unable to have orgasm during this time.

Material may depict coercion leading to enjoyment.

Being socially excluded or set aside.

Friends are always present, and you get quick feedback.

It takes time, it’s distracting, narcissism, and false projections.

Desire for accomplishment, control, mastery, and reaching a high standard.

Showing someone an image and the story they create for it shows their motivation.

Desire for difficult but attainable takes. Actually wanting to learn/understand.

Desire for easy or very difficult tasks. Driven to complete, not necessarily succeed.

Passionate and dedication to a goal. 

Parents who encourage independence, intrinsic motivation, and goal setting.

Leaders can have a big impact on achievement motivation.

Organize, direct, and goal focused.

Mediate, team build, and delegate.

Workers/people are lazy, incompetent, and extrinsically motivated.

Workers/people are competent, hard-working, and intrinsically motivated.

Physiologically, expressive behavior, and psychologically.

We tend to be best at a moderate level of arousal.

Physical arousal telling the “truth” of our emotions.

Transmission of messages or signals through a nonverbal platform such as eye contact, body language, social distance, touch, voice, physical environments/appearance, and use of objects.

Facial muscle state triggers emotion.

Studied babies, said there are 10 basic emotions.

There are 8 primary emotions that can be combined.

A big emotional release.

When you feel good (happy) you do good.

The process by which we respond to stressors.

Alarm reaction, resistance, exhaustion (often accompanied by illness). 

Provide and seek support (more often women).

Stress related physical illness.

Every emotion has can opposite emotion. It will lessen the intensity of the original emotion, and then it’ll linger.

Emotion is relative to the previous experience.

The belief that a person will feel deprived or entitled to something based on the comparison to someone else.

Physiological arousal is the key to emotion.

Emotion and physiology happen simultaneously.

Cognition is involved along with physiology.

A combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive behavior.

Blame and then discover what is in the unconscious. That’s where personality comes from.

Satisfy base drives (all unconscious). Works off the pleasure principle. Instincts.

Immediate gratification.

The executive/decision maker. Works off the reality principle. Reality.

How do we realistically get what we want. 

Personal/societal pressure of what should be. Morality.

What the ego does to deal with anxiety/guilt/etc.

Pushes anxiety out of consciousness.

Retreat to an earlier stage in life.

Ego switches unacceptable desires to opposite behavior.

Deals with anxiety by blaming others (faults).

Explain away the “real reasons”.

Diverts aggression from unacceptable outlets (not the source). 

Transforms unacceptable into valued.

Refuse to believe negativity.

Ambiguous items described to reveal the unconscious. 

What do people associate a word/image with and what does it mean?

Using pictures to understand what is going on internally with another person.

Answers to follow ups are crucial. What do you see in the image?

They worked with or off of Freud’s ideas.

Neo-Freudian that said social issues form personality.

Conquer feelings of inferiority.

Neo-Freudian that adapted Adler’s theory to be less sexist.

Neo-Freudian that said social factors don’t matter much.

Species wide tendencies.

Deescriptions of characteristic patterns.

Founder of trait theory. Identify before explaining.