Chapter 11 | Research, Evaluation, and Assessment

________ are designed to assess the specific learning goals of an individual.

Reliability

The ________ of evaluation techniques is an essential step in the accountability process.

________ are not necessarily given under the same conditions and in the same manner at each administration.

________ is used to develop hypotheses.

________ assessment includes collecting information about a clients home, school, or workplace, usually through observation or self- reports (e.g., checklists)

Validity

Research is an ever- evolving process that continually adds ________ knowledge to the field.

________ statistics are generally used when pulling together the results.

Whereas ________ is used to show that a test measures what it is supposed to measure, reliability examines the accuracy of the test scores.

Effective ________ do not view research, evaluation, and assessment as a fearful or stagnant process; Instead, they understand that new research ideas, new assessment procedures, and new programs will be devised, and they are excited about such developments and intelligent enough to adapt the information obtained from this newly gained knowledge in their own practices.

________ techniques are either norm- referenced or criterion- referenced.

________ techniques assess personality characteristics by having individuals respond to unstructured stimuli.

________ evaluation is used to show the efficacy of a program that has been completed to determine if it should be used in the future (e.g., a parenting workshop)

In the ________ field, the main purpose of research, program evaluation, and assessment is to benefit our clients.

A(n) review of ________ is done using professional publications, usually journal articles and books.

________ and grounded theory researchers classify their data by a process called coding, which breaks down large pieces of data into smaller parts that seem to hold some meaning relative to the research question.

________ and ________ techniques have to do with assessing and addressing gaps in existing systems to improve their worth and value.

Sometimes called ________, ________ research was made popular by Margaret Mead, who studied aboriginal youth in Samoa by immersing herself in their culture as she attempted to understand their lifestyle.

Research can help us understand those interventions that are most effective with our clients; ________ evaluation can help us understand whether the programs we are offering benefit our clients, and assessment techniques can help clients better understand themselves.

________ research on obedience dramatically affected the way research is conducted in the United States.

________ obtain informed consent to provide services to clients at the beginning of the helping relationship.

________ research assumes that phenomena or events can best be understood within their cultural context.

Test ________ and interpretation are done with an awareness of the degree to which items may be culturally biased or the norming sample not reflective or inclusive of the clients or students diversity.

Informal ________ are generally developed by the individual who will administer the procedure (e.g., helper, teacher)

________ research relies on the systematic collection of information in an effort to examine and understand past events from a contextual framework.

________ requires that all organizations that conduct research supported by federal funds have a human subjects committee or institutional review board (IRB), whose purpose is to ensure that there is little or no risk to research participants.

A(n) responsible ________ is willing to look at the effectiveness of its employees and programs; Such evaluation can significantly assist in understanding what works and needs to be changed.

Test ________ involves a systematic method of showing that a test measures what it purports to measure.

The ________ assessment includes a broad array of evaluative procedures that yield information about a person.

Cross-cultural fairness