AP psych final

first psych lab

how behavioral processes and conscious thought function, how they enable an organism to adapt

how we meet our growth potential and achieve self-fulfillment

What influences behavior according to the biological perspective?

how we encode, process, and store information

looking at behavior through conditioning

looking at results of genes, hormones, nervous system, and brain

testable prediction

in depth investigation of a person with rare, unusual, extreme conditions

observes subject in natural setting

self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a group

number between -1 and +1 to represent the linear dependence of two variables

looks for cause and effect

the group exposed to independent variable and tested for change

group that is not influenced by the independent variable

how scored vary from the mean, 99.8% within 3 standard deviations from mean

receive messages

sends messages

Path of the signal down a neuron

brief electric charge that travels down the axon

chemicals stored in axon terminals

chemical messengers manufactured by the endocrine glands

Where are hormones secreted

measures brain waves

processing visual info

interpreting hearing

processing sensory info

What part of brain is cut for split brain patients

awareness of ourselves and our environment

24 hour bodily clock

When do you see sleep spindles

large slow brain waves

eyes dart

Why is REM sleep called paradoxical sleep

SCN triggers release from the pineal gland and causes sleepiness

controls circadian rhythm

learning that has persisted over time

getting info in our brains

Length of long term memories

capacity of STM

organizing items into familiar, manageable units

What brain structure is related to implicit memory?

What brain structure is related to explicit memory?

controls heart rate and breathing

"little brain" coordinates muscle movements

Phineas Gage- damage to what area of brain?

Who emphasizes the role of the unconscious?

process by which we receive info from our environment

process of organizing and interpreting sensory info

converts different forms of physical energy into electrical impulses that are transmitted to the brain

weakest amount of stimulus that can be sensed half the time

the minimal difference that an individual can detect between two stimuli

a decline in receptor activity when stimuli are unchanging

the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina

Correct order of structures as light passes through the eye

whole

acquiring new behavior or information

learning association between events and behavioral responses

associations made between natural stimuli and neutral stimuli

Who is most closely related to classical conditioning?

learned behavior

reflexive response

natural stimulus that reflexively elicits a response

an ordinarily natural event that is trained to lead to a response

after a period of time CR will reappear but weaker

learned response applies to original stimulus and similar stimuli

respond differently to similar stimuli

an UCS paired with a NS in order to create an association between the NS and the desired behavior.

behavior is altered to obtain rewards or avoid punishment

Thorndike; rewarded behavior is strengthened and punished behavior is diminished

Who is most closely related to operant conditioning?

reinforces guide behavior towards desired behavior

event that strengthens the behavior it follows

remove stimulus to increase behavior

reinforces response after a set number of responses

behavioral responses vary

set amount of time

time varies

best example of something within a category

Expertise Imaginative thinking skills A venturesome personality Intrinsic motivation Creative environment

step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution to a problem

simple thinking strategy to making judgments and solving problems

sudden realization of a problem's solution

tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions

inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective

tendency to approach a problem in a particular way/ one that has been successful in the past

judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they represent or match particular prototypes

estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory

clinging to ones beliefs even after being presented with contrary evidence

the way an issue is phrased

spoken written or signed way of communicating

smallest unit of language

smallest unit of word that carries meaning

Number of phonemes in English language

rules of language

order of words in a sentence

understanding what is said

words that are said

examination of one's own mental and emotional processes

Who emphasized the role of the unconscious?