Psych Quiz 1 Sem 2

the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

a general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test

aspects of innate intelligence, including reasoning abilities, memory, and speed of information processing; relatively independent of education and tends to decline as people age

our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age

crystalized (acquired), fluid (problem-solving & adaptability), other abilities (visual & auditory processing, memory, speed of processing, reaction time, quantitative skills, and reading-writing skills)

a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing

the ability to perceive, express, understand, and regulate emotions

a method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores

a test designed to assess what a person has learned

a test designed to predict a person's future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn

a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance

the widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet's original intelligence test.

defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 [thus, IQ = (ma/ca) x 100]. On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100.

the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests

defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group

the bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes

the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting

the ability of a test to measure what it is intended to measure

The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior.

creator of ‘g-factor’, or general intelligence, concept

found that fluid intelligence (knowing how to do something) declines with old age while crystallized intelligence (knowing a fact) does not

devised theory of multiple intelligences: logical-mathematic, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, linguistic, musical, interpersonal, naturalistic

devised the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence (academic problem-solving, practical, and creative)

the ability of a trait to be passed down from one generation to the next

Claims that people are getting "smarter" or at least getting better at taking standardized tests

the scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits

a method for determining the reliability of a test by comparing a test taker's scores on the same test taken on separate occasions

The degree to which the content of a test is representative of the domain it's supposed to cover.

a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound

The 2 to 4 percent of the population who have IQ scores greater than 130.

a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person's total score.