Studied by 41 peopleAP Human geography unit 2 using mount si high school curriculum
population
The amount of people in a certain area
Population distribution
Where people are living on earth
carrying capacity
the maximum population an area can have to sustain all of them without damaging the environment or using unsustainable resources
Population density
How many people are in a certain area (Arithmetic, physiological, and agricultural density)
Arithmetic density
Total pop/total land: a math base of evenly spread out density
physiological density
total pop/total arable land: the amount of farmable land per person
agricultural density
farmers/total arable land: farmer per farmable land. Smaller number means less farmers with more space
politics
how decisions are made and power is shared within a community
economic process
how money is spent in areas. more funding to larger populated areas because more people
social process
how accessible community things should be and where to place them
population age structure
an organization of a population based on age
population sex ratio
represent a comparison of males to females in a population
population pyramid
a pyramid that shows the population in age distribution as well as other things
population dynamics
how geographers study the trends in population
fertility rates
measure of a population’s ability to have children. useful to see if there is a decline in CBR and then decline in population
CBR - Crude Birth Rate
The number of birth per 1000 people
Mortality rates
populations death rates
CDR - Crude Death Rate
Death rate of every 1000 people
life expectancy
How long a person is to live on average
Infant mortality rate
Children deaths of 1 year old or under
rate of natural increase
Crude Birth Rate - Crude Death Rate
Doubling time
How long will it take for a population to double
Demographic Transition Model
A model with CBR, CDR, and total population on a line graph. It goes through 5 stages throughout time
DTM Stage 1
beginning stage of population. Mostly pre-industrial and underdeveloped countries. CBR and CDR is equal
DTM Stage 2
Early expanding stage that brings more industrialization in. CBR remains high and CDR drops exponentially
DTM stage 3
DTM Late expanding stage with further industrialization with more medicine. Decreasing birth rate because no one want babies no more (womp womp) slower natural increase
DTM stage 4
DTM stage of low stationary with full industrialization. Starts to worry about aging population. most countries have low CBR and becomes equal with CDR
DTM stage 5
Natural decrease stage where death rate exceeds birth rate and drops population
Epidemiological Transition Model (ETM)
Model that focuses on CDR and how it changes
ETM stage 1
stage of Famine. Where people really just DIE. high death rate low life expectancy. population doesn’t sustain
ETM Stage 2
stage of receding pandemic where life expectancy increases and CDR goes down because of industrialization
ETM Stage 3
Stage of human created diseases where CDR low and life expectancy still raises which leads to old people diseases
ETM Stage 4
stage of delayed degenerative diseases where life expectancy is maxec and most medicine development is made
ETM Stage 5
Stage of delayed degenerative diseases where life expectancy is maxed and most medicine development is made
Malthusian theory
if population keeps expanding there won’t be enough food. People should have less kids so this doesn’t happen
Anti-Natalist policies
Policies that decrease the birth of children
Pro-Natalist policices
Policies to increase the number of babies
Immigration policies
policy that Allows or restricts the flow of immigrants
immigration
The movement INTO a place
Emmigration
The movement away from a location
centrifugal forces(pull factors)
Factors that push people away from a certain area
Centripetal forces (pull factors)
factors that pull people into a certain area
Intervening obstacle
Things that make it harder for immigrants to get to a certain area
Intervening oppurtunity
Things that make it easier for immigrants to settle down or to voluntarily make them stop going to their destination
Transnational immigration
Immigration from one continent to another
Transhumance migration
cultural voluntary migration of nomadic herders
Internal migration
migration inside regional broders is called:
Chain migration
Migrating to a location based on a family/friends recommendation or to follow/reunify with a family/friends
Step migration
Migrating through series of steps to get to a final detination
Guests workers
People who migrate voluntarily internationally for a temporary time to find work or labour
types of immigrants
Refugees, internally displaced persons, asylum seekers, enslaved persons
Refugees
People that have been forced to move because of war, violence, or persecution in their country
Internally Displaced Persons (IDP)
someone who has been forced to flee their home but doesn’t cross an international border
Asylum seekers
Refugees that move to another country in search of asylum but not given the full Refugee status
Enslaved person
People who were forced to move from their country to do work in another country usually for low amounts or free
Note
Flashcard