Gilded Age Study Guide

all the new immigrants sped up the growth of American industry

led to the growth of the middle class

designed to stop the abuses of the spoils system

supported by the majority of American citizens

a relatively conservative labor union that was against strikes

failed to achieve most of its goals

taught that man was inherently good

popular philosophy in America in the late 1800s

inventor of the telephone

steel entrepreneur

tobacco entrepreneur

America’s most prolific inventor

labor union leader

financer

oil refining entrepreneur

shipping entrepreneur

reformed the civil service system

called the “Great Commoner”

first democratic president since the civil war

corrupt new york politician who controlled the customs house

leader of the socialist party

reformer president who was asassinated

for the monopoly reform

built the great northern railroad

won the first considered presidential campaign

leader of the knights of labor

severe economic depression

when a court forbids an action

philosophy that advocated collective (usually government) ownership or regulation of the means of production

main issue was free silver

developed the theory of natural selection

immigration, innovation, a high tariff, and new sources of power and energy

chosen by J.D. Rockefeller because it was considered a safe investment

Rockerfeller’s company - was the first major trust that inspired many others to follow

twin pillars were textiles and tobacco

considered the most significant communication invention in the gilded age

dominated by three issues: civil service reform, tariff revision, and regulation of the trusts

named this because numerous amendments made the tariff revision ineffective

driven by problems in the railroad industry

claimed for the panic of 1893

took place because American railway union defied an injunction

discredited the knights of labor

main issue was the state regulation of the railroads

not a major element of American society

plain-spoken, organized, gave a message with a simple theme of salvation

prolific writer of gospel songs and hymns

• Previously most Americans came from north-western Europe and were generally fair-skinned and protestant

• New immigrants from eastern Europe had a tannish skin color and were orthodox or catholic

• Increased population meant large supply of laborer and increased consumer demand

• inventive/innovative spirit led to the creation of time and labor-saving methods and inventions

• Gov. policies encouraged economic growth to throw limited gov. interference: low taxes, balanced budgets, and increased economic freedom

• Creation of new sources of power such as electricity, petroleum, and kerosene enabled people to work longer days which led to increased productivity