Unit 2 Exam Review

Compares the number of farmers to the area of arable land

Policies that attempt to decrease the number of births in a country

Land that is suitable for growing crops

Linear growth of a population - population growth at a constant rate

Calculated by dividing a region's population by its total area

Protection granted by one country to an immigrant from another country who has a legitimate fear of harm or death if he or she returns to the home country

A spike in birth rate

A lower number of births for a number of years following a baby boom

A slow down in the number of births

Contradicted the Malthus by stating that the more people there are, the more hands there are to work rather than just creating more mouths to feed

When migration out of a country is made up of many highly skilled people

Countries with rapidly developing economies - Brazil, Russia, India, China

The number of people a region can support without damaging the environment

When people migrate choose a migration destination based on others from their home country having previously chosen the destination ex: family, friends, culture groups

Short term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis

The distance beyond which cost, effort, and means strongly influence willingness to travel

A movement in the opposite direction of a migration flow ex: 1990s migration to Mexico

The number of live births per year per each 1,000 people within a country

The number of deaths per year per each 1,000 people within a country

Used to describe the future population of a region on any scale

When a population continues to grow even after fertility rates have declined due to people living longer

A tool demographers use to categorize countries' population growth rates and economic structures

The study of population characteristics

People under the age of 15 or over the age of 64

The comparison between the potential workforce and the dependent population

For an exponentially growing quantity, the amount of time it takes to double in size

An increase in births that reflects an earlier baby boom

Moving out of (exiting) a country

An extension of the Demographic Transition Model which explains the changing death rates in relation to the common causes of death in a society

A group of people who hare the cultural traditions of a homeland or hearth

Neighborhoods filled primarily with people of the same ethnic group

Compounded growth that occurs when a fixed percentage of new people are added to a population, also called geometric growth by Malthus

Killing female babies

Involuntary migration, the migrant does not have a choice

Based on Newton's law of gravity, predicts the influence upon interaction between two places and is not based on distance alone

Workers who temporarily enter a country to work in specific industries for a defined amount of time

Moving into a country

A period of rapid development brought about by the introduction of machinery and technology, began in Great Britain in the late eighteenth century (1700s)

The number of babies per 1,000 births who die before the age of one

Immigration into a country

Migration within a country

Migration within a region

The facilities and structures that allow people to carry out their typical activities

Forced migration where migrants move to another part of the same country

Barriers that make reaching a person's desired destination more difficult, barriers could be political, environmental, or economical

An opportunity en route tat disrupts an original migration plan

The number of years a person is expected to live

Growth that occurs evenly across each unit over time aka arithmetic

His theory states that food production would increase arithmetically but population would grow exponentially which would lead to food shortages if population growth remained unchecked

The regions between 20-30 degrees and 60 degrees, both north and south

The permanent or semipermanent relocation of people from one place to another

(Zelinsky) states that countries in stages 2 and 3 of the demographic transition model experience rapid population growth and overcrowding. The overcrowding acts as a push factor, which causes people to migrate to less crowded stage 4 or 5 countries.

The percentage at which a country's population is growing or declining without considering migration

Believe that population growth will lead to the depletion of non-renewable resources such as petroleum and that there will be water and food shortages

The number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants, including citizens and non-citizens

Anti-natalist policy implemented in China, subjected parents who had more than one child to fines

Emigration out of a country

A region having more people than it

A disease which has spread worldwide

Calculated by dividing population by the amount of arable land

Age groups displayed on a population pyramid

A measure of the average population per square mile (or km) of an area

The pattern of human settlement - the spread of people across the earth

A crisis in which population growth occurs in countries which are not prepared to handle the growing numbers of people

An age-sex composition graph

People ages 15-64

Policies designed to increase the fertility rate

Positive conditions and circumstances which cause a person to choose a destination

Negative circumstances, events, or conditions present where a person lives that compel them to leave

A categorization of humans based on skin color and other physical characteristics

Observed patterns in migration such as short distances, multiple steps, rural to urban, higher percentage of youths and males

Displaced persons who cross an international boarder

Money sent to a family in a person's home country

Laws which limit immigration by means such as the setting of quotas ex: Chinese Exclusion Act which banned immigration from China between 1882 and 1943

Most migration in history has been from rural (agricultural) areas to urban (city) areas, can be either internal or transnational

The hierarchical division of people into groups based on factors such as economic status, power, and/or ethnicity

The contact, movement, and flow of things between locations

The level at which a country's population stops growing

The process by which migrants reach their final destination through a series of smaller moves

(Space-time compression) A shortening of the time required for movement, trade, or other forms of interaction between two places

The average number of children born per woman of childbearing years (15-49) in a country

Occurs in mountainous regions, herders moving their animals to higher areas in the summer and lower elevations during the winter

People who move from one country to another (internationally) rather than within a country

Occurs when people choose to relocate

A strong dislike of people of a different country

Occurs when birth and death rates are equal