Somatosensory Systems & Long Tracts

What category of input does the ability to use touch & proprioception info to identify object fall under? … (happens at the cortical level) dealing w /sensation and aids in multitasking

What structure are modified versions of a cell, capable of producing neurotransmitters /sending a AP?

What type of receptor help your muscles stay calibrated, to preform accordingly?

Which order neuron synapses in spinal cord, starts in the dorsal horn and goes up to the thalamus (in most tracts)?

Tracts that travel in the Anterior Lateral Pathway transmit information related information what to the cerebellum? (accurate but subconscious) → adjustments to movement and posture.

Which high fidelity pathway transmits info from the arms and upper half of the body regarding information of muscle for movement planning?

What type of fibers are classified according to axon diameter: 1a, 1b, 2 or A (beta), A (gamma), C?

Which type of receptor responds to substances released by cells, including damaged cells after injury or infection?

Which ascending tract transmits discriminative touch, proprioception, vibration, 2 pt discrimination to consciousness?

Cutaneous receptors respond to _______, ______ , ________, stretch, noxious stimuli, pain and temperature.

What category of tracts adjusts movements in size strength by utilizing sensory info & proprioception?

Which ascending tract relays information about muscle tension, limb position …planning for movements?

Which type of afferent fiber is the largest and heavily myelinated, prevalent in areas that need quick reactions…maximum speed= milliseconds (ex: mechanoreceptors)?

Which type of receptor (subset of somatosensory receptors) does stimulation results in the sensation of pain…activated when cell damage /death might occur?

What is is the characteristic of tract that provides accurate details regarding location of stimulation?

Which type of sensory receptor ADAPTS to the stimulus, meaning that after a while the stimulus will still be there but not as apparent to the you?

Which type of muscle receptor responds to quick and prolonged stretches…more about time, aids in stretching and passive movement?

Proximal axon: project the message from the cell body into the ________ /brainstem.

What is the processing of sensory information from the skin and information from the musculoskeletal systems?

What is it when it is categorized as when looking at the impulses generated from the original stimuli?

What type of sensory receptors DO NOT adapt to the stimulus?

What type of sensory receptor is a a photoreceptor, mechanoreceptor, chemoreception (can me overridden, just turn on/off)?

What type of sensory receptor ADAPTS to the stimulus, meaning that after a while the stimulus will still be there but not as apparent to the you?

What type of receptor responds to touch, pressure, stretch or vibration (goes into the Dorsal Column/Medial Lemniscus pathway)?

What type of receptor responds to substances released by cells, including damaged cells after injury or infection?

What type of receptor responds to a change in temperature, hot or cold?

What type of receptor is a subset of somatosensory receptors, and stimulation results in the sensation of pain…activated when cell damage/death might occur?

___________ are stimulated by stubbing a toe due to the change in pressure..the sensation of pain is stimulated by _______

What is it when it is categorized as when looking at ones awareness of the stimuli based on the senses?

Somatosensory Peripheral Neurons have 2 types of axons...

Which type of Somatosensory Peripheral Neurons conducts messages from the receptor to the cell body?

Which type of Somatosensory Peripheral Neurons projects the message from the cell body into the spinal cord/brainstem?

Afferents are classified according to.....

Which is the 2nd largest afferent fiber found in retina cells?

Which afferent fiber is the smallest and slowest transmitting axon?

Which type of fibers innervate at the Cutaneous layer?

Which 2 cutaneous receptors are detect changes in pressure?

Which cutaneous receptor is unmyelinated and has a slow transmission of signals?

Free nerve endings specifically nociceptors detect what?

Free nerve endings specifically thermoreceptors detect what?

Somatic Afferents start where

Which afferent fiber is responsible feeling how the muscle is moving?

Which specialized muscle fiber contract at the ends, the center region does NOT contract?

Which sensory fiber ending wraps around the central region of each intrafusal fiber … detect a quick sense of change b/c they are wrapped around the fiber?

Which sensory fiber ending is mainly on nuclear chain fibers adjacent to the primary endings?

Which muscle receptor responds to quick and prolonged stretches…more about time, aids in stretching and passive movement?

Which muscle receptor signals the force generated by the muscle contraction or by passive stretch of the tendon…more about amplitude, adjusts muscle tension (quick jump)?

Which muscle receptor responds to mechanical deformation of joint capsule…"where you are in space"?

Which muscle receptor signals can be override by cognitive function and utilizing other input?

Tracts are ....

Which tract is responsible for transmitting fine touch, vibration & proprioception (travels ipsilateral)?

Which tract is responsible for transmitting pain, temperature, and pressure (travels contralateral)?

Which tract is responsible for transmitting muscle tension & limb position…plans for movement (travels contralateral)?

Which order neuron is the sensory cell picks up the signal, interacts with with environment? …ex free nerve ending, muscle spindle fiber

What type of pathway is it when info is transmitted to many location in brainstem and cerebrum, affects a variety of neurons?

Aching pain is an example of what?

Which tract is important in transmitting pain, temp and pressure…poor localization?

Which tract is important in transmitting discriminative touch, proprioception, vibration, 2 pt discrimination to consciousness

Which tract is important in transmitting relay information about muscle tension, limb position …planning for movements?

Which portion of the Dorsal Column tract sends info from the lower limbs & runs centrally?

Which portion of the Dorsal Column tract sends info from the upper limbs & run laterally?

____________: Localization of touch & vibration, discriminate b/w 2 closely spaced points touching the skin (conscious path provides input...)

___________: movements and relative position of body parts (conscious path provides input...)

__________: ability to use touch & proprioception info to identify object…( happens at the cortical level ) dealing w/ sensation and aids in multitasking (conscious path provides input...)

In which cortex do we find discrimination among size, texture or shape of object?

In which cortex do we find analyze info from the primary sensory area & thalamus?

In the Anterior Lateral Pathway which order neuron brings info into the dorsal horn (synapsing immediately = allows for a quick response)?

In the Anterior Lateral Pathway which order neuron crosses at the midline and goes from the spinal to the thalamus?

In the Anterior Lateral Pathway which order neuron thalamus to cerebral cortex?

Which tract transmits limb movement/tension/positions info from the legs and lower half of the body?

Which order neuron would transmit info from the thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord in the Posterior Spinocerebellar pathway?

Which order neuron would transmit info from the (specific) cell body = Nucleus dorsalis and the axon ascends as the Spinocerebellar tract?

Which tract transmits high fidelity info from the arms and upper half of the body?

Which tract transmits info from the thoracolumbar spinal cord?

Which tract transmits info from the cervical spinal cord to the cerebellum (same side)?

What are the 4 types of receptors that respond to specific stimuli?

What are the 2 categories of sensory receptors & what is their specific characteristic?

Where do we expect to see a large receptive field & why?

Where do we expect to see a small receptive field & why?

Damage to these receptors alter...

Which 2 cutaneous receptors detect pressure?

What are the 3 sensory organs in the Muscle Belly?

Which intrafusal fiber is a clump of nuclei and helps sense end range?

Which intrafusal fiber are the nuclei arranged in a single file line and helps sense velocity of change?

The Golgi tendon organ is sensitive to ...

What type of axonal fiber is found in the Golgi tendon?

What are the 4 types of joint receptors?

What do Ruffini's endings detect and what type of fiber are they?

What do ligament receptors detect and what type of fiber are they?

What do Paciniform corpuscles/endings detect and what type of fiber are they?

Muscle spindles respond to ....

Tendon organs signal...

Joint receptors respond to...

In conscious relay pathways high input leads to

Spinomesencephalic travels to the... & causes what kind of response

Spinomesencephalic carries? controls? activates?

Spinoreticular travels to the... and causes what response?

Spinoreticular modulates? increases ones _______ & _________

Spinolimbic travels to...and causes what response?

Spinolimbic control? and aid in?