Science Combined Test Revisions 1-3

The bending of light as it passes through different objects or materials.

A transparent object that transmits light to focus it onto the retina.

The opening in the eye that allows light to pass through.

The range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, including visible and invisible light.

Waves in which particles of the medium vibrate perpendicular to the direction of the wave.

Waves in which particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave.

High-frequency electromagnetic radiation that is harmful.

The process by which a concave lens spreads light outwards.

The transfer of heat from a hotter area to a cooler area through solids.

Materials that are poor conductors of heat and/or electricity.

To give out, as in the emission of energy or radiation.

The process of inhaling oxygen into the lungs and exhaling carbon dioxide out of the body.

The organs involved in the process of breathing, including the lungs, heart, mouth, nose, brain, and others.

Substances like cocaine, heroin, ecstasy, cannabis, and laughing gas used for non-medicinal purposes.

Substances like insulin, paracetamol, and antibiotics used for medical treatment.

A chemical compound, ethanol, found in alcoholic drinks that acts as a depressant on the nervous system.

Essential components like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins, fiber, and water required for the body's proper functioning.

The system responsible for breaking down food into smaller molecules for absorption and energy production.

The simplest substances in the universe, composed of atoms, which are the building blocks of matter.

Atoms are the smallest parts of elements, while compounds are substances made of two or more different elements.

Materials made from long chains of repeating molecules called monomers, with carbon atoms forming the backbone.

Alkali metals like lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium, becoming more reactive down the group.

Halogens like fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine, nonmetals with specific properties and reactivity.

Noble gases like helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, unreactive due to complete outer electron shells.

A substance composed of two or more identical molecules

Basic units of matter

Reactions that release energy to the surroundings

The principle that mass is conserved in a chemical reaction

Substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction

Breaking down of a compound when heated

Diagrams showing the energy changes in a reaction

The study of genes and heredity

Deoxyribonucleic acid, the genetic material in cells

The passing of genetic information from parents to offspring

Different forms of a gene

Inserting foreign genes into organisms to produce desired traits

The force that opposes motion

Force per unit area

The interaction of electric currents or fields and magnetic fields

Materials that allow the flow of electric charge

Materials that inhibit the flow of electric charge

Paths through which electric current can flow

Circuit arrangement where components are connected in parallel

The potential difference in charge between two points, measured in volts (V).

Materials that allow the flow of electricity and heat, characterized by the presence of free electrons.

Materials that do not allow the flow of electricity and heat easily.

The difference in electric potential between two points in a circuit.

A device used to measure the voltage or potential difference in a circuit.

The measure of opposition to the flow of electric current, measured in ohms (Ω).

Unit of measurement for electrical resistance.

The property of attracting or repelling materials based on their magnetic properties.